Dying to Win: the Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism

Pape, Robert A.

doi:10.1057/9780230616509_18

Cited by 428 publications

(525 citation statements)

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“…Kruglanski et al, 2009) suggest that there can be singular motives (Hassan, 2001;Pape, 2005;Sageman, 2004) but also more complex combinations of motives with an interplay of multiple motivational drivers such as honour, dedication to the leader, social status, group pressure, personal significance (Bloom, 2005), lack of alternative prospects, poverty, moral obligation or the need to belong (Stern, 2003). …”

Section: Forms Of Danger: Terrorism and Conventional Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

How do you fear? Examining expatriates’ perception of danger and its consequences

Faeth

Kittler

2017

JGM

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Purpose: This study investigates the differing perceptions of fear of expatriates operating in terror-exposed Nairobi and the high-crime environment of Johannesburg and its impact on stress and wellbeing. It illustrates how expatriates cope with the challenges associated with these two regions.Design, methodology, approach: Following an interpretative and inductive research approach, qualitative content analyses were conducted using evidence from in-depth interviews with twelve expatriates in senior management or officer positions within a large global organisation, with respondents based in South Africa and Kenya.Findings: Data suggest that expatriates in the more terrorism exposed context perceive fear less strongly than expatriates in environments categorised by high degrees of conventional crime.Fear seems to relate to physical wellbeing via restricted freedom of movement, but there is little evidence that fear affects mental wellbeing. The study finds that respondents in terror-exposed Nairobi tend to engage more in avoidance-oriented coping strategies, whereas their counterparts in the high-crime environment of Johannesburg predominantly rely on problemfocused coping.Originality, value: This study develops a distinction between terror and conventional crime and contributes with practical insights for assignments into dangerous work environments. The geographic lens of the study provides an in-depth look at expatriation challenges in an arguably neglected regional context. Practical implications: The qualitative design allows practitioners to better understand expatriates' perceptions of fear, its consequences for stress and wellbeing and potential coping strategies expatriates employ. It discusses a set of practical recommendations focussing on the deployment of expatriates assigned to dangerous locations.

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Section: Forms Of Danger: Terrorism and Conventional Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

How do you fear? Examining expatriates’ perception of danger and its consequences

Faeth

Kittler

2017

JGM

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“…Especially an unfavorable opinion towards the target increases community support which, in turn, facilitates recruitment, reduces the danger of detection, and helps rendering terrorist attacks acceptable for the community (Pape, 2005). These channels of influence give rise to a robust positive relationship between public support for terrorism and terrorist attacks (Malečková and Stanišić, 2011).…”

Section: Terrorism In Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simply classing suicide terrorism with terrorism in general is however not always expedient as Seifert and McCauley (2014) Pape's early contribution (Pape, 2003) and the monograph based thereon (Pape, 2005) are fundamental for the literature on suicide attacks. Pape (2005) focuses on the relationship between religious cleavages and suicide terrorism and identifies nationalism as the main root of suicide terrorism.…”

Section: Suicide Terrorismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other experts, for example Bloom (2005) and Pape (2005), also argue that suicide attackers are not necessarily Muslim fundamentalists or, for that matter, any other kind of religious fanatics. In the view of these authors, suicide terrorism is not fueled by religion per se but rather by religious cleavages between attackers and victims.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the view of these authors, suicide terrorism is not fueled by religion per se but rather by religious cleavages between attackers and victims. Pape (2005), in particular, puts forward an innovative, though highly controversial argument. 7 He contends that all suicide terrorists share the secular and strategic goal of compelling democracies to withdraw military forces from territory that the terrorists consider to be their homeland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicide attacks and religious cleavages

2016

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Many experts claim that the incidence of suicide attacks is driven by religious cleavages. To test this hypothesis, we investigate whether the total number of suicide attacks per violent conflict or the annual number of suicide attacks per country is associated with simmering religious conflicts. We distinguish between two kinds of religious cleavages: cleavages at the macro level between the stake holders in violent conflicts and cleavages at the micro or battle field level between the actual perpetrators and victims of suicide attacks. Our results do not indicate that religious cleavages are an important precondition for the incidence of suicide attacks.JEL Classification: Z12, D74, H56, F51

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From Naïvety to Insurgency: Becoming a Paramilitary in Northern Ireland

Ferguson

Burgess

2009

The Faces of Terrorism

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Synopsis: Studies are reviewed that show how exposure to violence has the potential to push people into participating in paramilitary activities. They illustrate that even after peace has been negotiated the social problems do not disappear. They also demonstrate that the confl ict may well have caused the perpetrators of political violence to become psychologically harmed since they become victims of their own violent actions. The need to address these problems is discussed in order to reduce the risk of the confl ict smouldering on and then reigniting. In conclusion the importance is emphasized of politicians and military leaders refl ecting on the lessons learned in Northern Ireland when deciding how to contain or react to terrorism across the globe, regardless of its origins.For many people living in the UK, the world has become a more fearful and less safe place since the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 and the resulting global ' war on terror ' . The attacks on the twin towers of the World Trade Center killed over 2,800 people with victims coming from 85 different nations, including Britain which lost 67 citizens, and many more of the casualties had close family ties with the United Kingdom. Since 2001 Britain and the city of London in particular have been the target of terrorist attacks linked to Islamic extremists, the deadliest attack being on the public transport network in London killing 52 people on 7 July 2005. In addition, the British media, 1 Correspondence concerning this chapter should be sent to Neil Ferguson,

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Dying to Win: the Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism

Cited by 428 publications

References 0 publications

How do you fear? Examining expatriates’ perception of danger and its consequences

How do you fear? Examining expatriates’ perception of danger and its consequences

Suicide attacks and religious cleavages

From Naïvety to Insurgency: Becoming a Paramilitary in Northern Ireland

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