Dynamic associations between anxiety, depression, and tobacco use in older adults: Results from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing

Monroe, Derek C.; McDowell, Cillian P.; Kenny, Rose Anne; Herring, Matthew P.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.05.017

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted March 17, 2023. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.17.23287299 doi: medRxiv preprint The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted March 17, 2023. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.17.23287299 doi: medRxiv preprint Tobacco use was not associated with incident anxiety disorders (K=7; RR:1.21, 95%CI:0.87-1.68; I 2 =82.2%; τ 2 =0.143; PI: 0.42-3.50; Figure 2). 63,64,71,76,91,92,107 Pooled unadjusted studies yielded a larger point estimate (K=8; RR:1.60, 95%CI:1.10-2.32; I 2 =71.7%; τ 2 =0.204; PI: 0.48-5.30; eSupplement). 53,71,79,91,92,96,107,120 Tobacco use was not associated with incident psychotic disorders (K=5; RR:2.06, 95%CI:0.98-4.29; I 2 =92.3%; τ 2 =0.608; PI=0.…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…63,64,71,76,91,92,107 Pooled unadjusted studies yielded a larger point estimate (K=8; RR:1.60, 95%CI:1.10-2.32; I 2 =71.7%; τ 2 =0.204; PI: 0.48-5.30; eSupplement). 53,71,79,91,92,96,107,120 Tobacco use was not associated with incident psychotic disorders (K=5; RR:2.06, 95%CI:0.98-4.29; I 2 =92.3%; τ 2 =0.608; PI=0. 13-32.26).…”

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…We identified 75 studies for inclusion, 13, of which 59 were included in the primary meta-analyses. 13,47,49,50,52,53,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][71][72][73][75][76][77][78][80][81][82]84,85,[87][88][89]91,92,[94][95][96]100,[102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]…”

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confidence: 99%

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Associations of cannabis use, tobacco use and incident anxiety, mood, and psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Burke

Freeman

Sallis

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Importance: Traditional observational epidemiological studies have consistently found an association between tobacco use, cannabis use and subsequent mental ill-health. However, the extent to which this association reflects an increased risk of new-onset mental ill-health is unclear and may be biased by unmeasured confounding. Objective: To examine the association between cannabis use, tobacco use and risk of incident mood, anxiety, and psychotic disorders, and explore risk of bias. Data Sources: CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses were searched from inception until November 2022, in addition to supplementary searches. Study Selection: Longitudinal studies assessing tobacco use and cannabis use and their association with incident mood, anxiety or psychotic disorders were included. Studies conducted in populations selected on health status (e.g., pregnancy) or other highly-selected characteristics (e.g., incarcerated persons) were excluded. Data Extraction and Synthesis: A modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. The confounder matrix and E-Values were used to assess potential bias due to unmeasured confounding. Summary risk ratios (RR) were calculated in random-effects meta-analyses using the generic inverse variance method. Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s): Exposures were measured via self-report and defined through status (e.g., current use) or heaviness of use (e.g., cigarettes per day). Outcomes were measured through symptom-based scales, interviews, registry codes and self-reported diagnosis or treatment. Effect estimates extracted were risk of incident disorders by exposure status. Results: Seventy-five out of 27789 records were included. Random effects meta-analysis demonstrated a positive association between tobacco use and mood disorder (RR:1.39, 95%CI:1.30,1.47) and psychotic disorder (RR:3.45, 95%CI:2.63,4.53), but not anxiety disorder (RR:1.21, 95%CI:0.87,1.68). Cannabis use was positively associated with psychotic disorders (RR:3.19, 95%CI:2.07,4.90), but not mood disorders (RR:1.31, 95%CI:0.92,1.86) or anxiety disorders (RR:1.10, 95%CI:0.99,1.22). Confounder matrix and E-value assessment indicated estimates were moderately biased by unmeasured confounding. Conclusions and Relevance: This systematic review and meta-analysis presents evidence for a longitudinal, positive association between both substances and incident psychotic disorders and tobacco use and mood disorders. There was no evidence to support an association between cannabis use and common mental health conditions. Existing evidence across all outcomes was limited by inadequate adjustment for potential confounders. Future research should prioritise methods allowing for stronger causal inference, such as Mendelian randomization and evidence triangulation.

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Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Associations of cannabis use, tobacco use and incident anxiety, mood, and psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Burke

Freeman

Sallis

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…From the perspective of age stratification, anxiety and depression are common in elderly people. The incidence of generalized anxiety disorder was reportedat 0.7%-12%[ 6 - 9 ] and depression was 9%-11%[ 7 , 8 ]. In addition, anxiety and depression can occur separately or often together in elderly people[ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of depression and anxiety and associated factors among geriatric orthopedic trauma inpatients: A cross-sectional study

Chen¹,

Luo²,

Liu³

2022

WJCC

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BACKGROUND Common mental disorders such as anxiety and depression in geriatric orthopedic trauma patients have received little attention in research. AIM To investigate the prevalence of emotional disorders among geriatric orthopedic trauma patients and identify demographic, social and clinical risk factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed in geriatric patients (aged ≥ 60 years, both sexes) with orthopedic trauma admitted to a level I trauma center between May 2015 and December 2017. Demographic, social, and clinical characteristics were described. Huaxi Emotional-Distress Index (HEI) was used to evaluate the severity of anxiety and depression status. Differences in continuous variables were tested using the t -test, and differences in categorical variables were assessed using the Pearson χ 2 test. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors associated with a HEI score > 8. RESULTS Among the 966 patients, 487 were male and 479 were female, with a mean age of 70.2 ± 7.1 years. The age ranged from 60 to 90 years. Seventy-five patients had an HEI score > 8, accounting for about 7.8% of all patients. A higher Injury Severity Score (4.17 ± 3.10 vs 7.96 ± 6.68, P < 0.001), higher Visual Analog Score (5.05 ± 1.09 vs 6.89 ±1.23, P < 0.001), number of chronic diseases ( P < 0.001), injury type ( P = 0.038), and education level ( P = 0.001) were significantly associated with HEI score > 8. On logistic regression, a higher education level was a protective factor for emotional disorders ( P = 0.047), whereas Injury Severity Score ( P = 0.024), Visual Analog Score ( P < 0.001), two or more chronic diseases ( P < 0.001) were the related independent risk factors. CONCLUSION Emotional disorders are common in geriatric patients with orthopedic trauma. Clinicians should remain vigilant of emotional disorders in geriatric patients and screen for anxiety and depression in higher risk groups.

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“…Bidirectional associations between tobacco use, heavy drinking, and depression among older adults have been widely observed ( 27 ). Findings from prospective, longitudinal studies have validated that smoking and alcohol drinking have a long-term impact on later depression and vice versa ( 28 , 29 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing relationship between health risk behaviors and depression among birth cohorts of Canadians 65+, 1994–2014

Yang

D’Arcy

2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Background and objectiveThe older adult residents of Canada form an increasingly larger proportion of the population and are becoming better educated and have more income. Depression is a common mental disorder, particularly among seniors. Several health risk behaviors–physical inactivity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption–are linked to mental health problems. This study examines whether these health risk behaviors and their association with depression among Canadians 65+ born in eight cohorts between 1910–1914 and 1945–1949, have changed.MethodsPooled data drawn from 11 nationally representative health surveys conducted by Statistics Canada between 1994 and 2014 are analyzed–88,675 survey participants met inclusion criteria. Depression was assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview–Short Form. Health risk behaviors examined were physical activity/inactivity, smoking, and alcohol use. A Cochran Armitage trend test for categorical outcomes and a log-binomial modeling for binary outcomes were used to estimate the risk ratios across cohorts.ResultsThe proportions of Canadians 65+ who are physically active, regular drinkers, and regular smokers have increased; however, depression prevalence fluctuated non-significantly. Depression increased among all health risk behaviors, particularly in recent birth cohorts. Depression among physically inactive seniors, current smokers, and non-drinkers was significantly higher than among active, non-smokers, and regular drinkers (all P < 0.05). Physical inactivity and smoking-attributable depression risk showed an increasing linear trend across birth cohorts (RR = 1.67, P < 0.001; RR = 1.79, P < 0.001). For seniors born between 1915 and 1944, regular drinking was associated with a significant decrease in depression (all P < 0.001), but the protective effects of regular drinking became non-existent in the most recent 1945–1949 birth cohort (RR = 1.09, P < 0.05, after adjusting for covariates).ConclusionInactivity and smoking were consistently associated with a significantly increased risk of depression among Canadian residents 65+, with smoking becoming more firmly connected to depression risk in more recent birth cohorts. In contrast, moderate alcohol use was associated with a decreased risk of depression, but that protective effect ceased in most recent birth cohort. Identifying the changing relationships between health risk behaviors and depression is meaningful for developing prevention strategies for depression and other emotional and mental health problems.

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Dynamic associations between anxiety, depression, and tobacco use in older adults: Results from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing

Cited by 15 publications

References 82 publications

Associations of cannabis use, tobacco use and incident anxiety, mood, and psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Associations of cannabis use, tobacco use and incident anxiety, mood, and psychotic disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of depression and anxiety and associated factors among geriatric orthopedic trauma inpatients: A cross-sectional study

The changing relationship between health risk behaviors and depression among birth cohorts of Canadians 65+, 1994–2014

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