Dynamic changes in host immune system and gut microbiota are associated with the production of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

Han, Maozhen; Huang, Yixuan; Gui, Hongya; Xiao, Yuhang; He, Maozhang; Liu, Jiling; Cao, Xiu-Jing; Zheng, Meijuan; Liu, Min; Jia, Wei‐Hua; Li, Hui; Wang, Xiaoyan; Zhang, Na; Kong, Shu-an; Liu, Xiaohui; Wu, Yonggui; Wu, Fengchang; Huang, Shenghai

doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327561

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…As reviewed by us recently, 1 an increasing number of studies suggest that the gut microbiota is an important regulator of immune responses to vaccination. Consistent with these data, several recent clinical studies, [2][3][4] including three published in Gut, [5][6][7] uncover correlations between the composition of the faecal/gut microbiota and antibody responses to different COVID-19 vaccines.…”

supporting

confidence: 63%

B and T cell responses to the BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine are not impaired in germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice

Norton¹,

Lynn²,

Rossouw³

et al. 2023

Gut

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supporting

confidence: 63%

B and T cell responses to the BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine are not impaired in germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice

Norton¹,

Lynn²,

Rossouw³

et al. 2023

Gut

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“…A dynamic change in the host immune system in conjunction with changes in the gut microbiota contributes to the production of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. 133,134 Vaccines induce changes in the gut microbiota, the composition of which is associated with the immunogenicity and adverse events of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, suggesting that the gut microbiota plays a key role in regulating the host immune response. Prevotella copri and Megamonas were found to be enriched in individuals with fewer adverse events following vaccination, suggesting that these bacterial groups play an anti-inflammatory role.…”

Section: Vaccine-associated Microbiota Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The serum SCFA levels have been shown to exhibit clear differences between high‐ and low‐response groups, while some SCFAs are positively correlated with antibody response. A dynamic change in the host immune system in conjunction with changes in the gut microbiota contributes to the production of antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 133,134 …”

Section: Dynamic Changes Of Microbiota In Covid‐19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations in microbiota of patients with COVID‐19: implications for therapeutic interventions

Qiu,

Mo,

Chen

et al. 2024

MedComm

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) recently caused a global pandemic, resulting in more than 702 million people being infected and over 6.9 million deaths. Patients with coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) may suffer from diarrhea, sleep disorders, depression, and even cognitive impairment, which is associated with long COVID during recovery. However, there remains no consensus on effective treatment methods. Studies have found that patients with COVID‐19 have alterations in microbiota and their metabolites, particularly in the gut, which may be involved in the regulation of immune responses. Consumption of probiotics may alleviate the discomfort caused by inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the pathophysiological process underlying the alleviation of COVID‐19‐related symptoms and complications by targeting the microbiota remains unclear. In the current study, we summarize the latest research and evidence on the COVID‐19 pandemic, together with symptoms of SARS‐CoV‐2 and vaccine use, with a focus on the relationship between microbiota alterations and COVID‐19‐related symptoms and vaccine use. This work provides evidence that probiotic‐based interventions may improve COVID‐19 symptoms by regulating gut microbiota and systemic immunity. Probiotics may also be used as adjuvants to improve vaccine efficacy.

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“…The gut microbiota plays a role in digestion, metabolism, immunity, and protection against pathogens. It is also involved in the development and maintenance of the immune system, and has been linked to a variety of diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cancer 7 . Research has shown that the intestinal microbial population is a critical factor in immune response, and thus it has been suggested that gut microbiota could play a pivotal role in the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive perspective on the interaction between gut microbiota and COVID-19 vaccines

Hong

Lan

et al. 2023

Gut Microbes

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The efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines varies between individuals and populations, and the reasons for this are still not fully understood. Recent clinical studies and animal models have indicated that the gut microbiota may influence the immunogenicity of the vaccine and, thus, its effectiveness. This suggests that there is a bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiota and the COVID-19 vaccine, with the varying components of the microbiota either enhancing or reducing the vaccine’s efficacy. To put an end to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the necessity of vaccines that create powerful and long-term immunity is now more important than ever, and understanding the role of the gut microbiota in this process is essential. Conversely, COVID-19 vaccines also have a significant effect on the gut microbiota, decreasing its total number of organisms and the variety of species present. In this Review, we analyze the evidence that suggesting an interaction between the gut microbiota and COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, consider the immunological mechanisms that may be responsible for this connection, and explore the possibility of using gut microbiota-focused interventions to improve the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines.

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Dynamic changes in host immune system and gut microbiota are associated with the production of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

B and T cell responses to the BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine are not impaired in germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice

B and T cell responses to the BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine are not impaired in germ-free or antibiotic-treated mice

Alterations in microbiota of patients with COVID‐19: implications for therapeutic interventions

A comprehensive perspective on the interaction between gut microbiota and COVID-19 vaccines

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