Dynamic Contact Behavior of a Golf Ball during Oblique Impact: Effect of Friction between the Ball and Target

Abstract

The oblique impact between a golf ball and a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) target with smooth transparent surfaces was studied using a high-speed video camera. Video images of the impact were recorded from the backside of the target and were used to determine the contact time, contact area, and the displacement and rotation of the ball along the target. The average tangential and angular velocities were determined as functions of the inbound ball velocity. As the inbound ball velocity increased, the contact area and average tangential and angular velocities also increased while the contact time decreased. An oiled PMMA target was used to study the effect of reduced friction between the ball and target. The results were compared with earlier data for a steel target with relatively rough surfaces. The contact area and time were unaffected by friction, but the average tangential velocity increased while the average angular velocity decreased as the friction decreased.

Coefficient of restitution of sports balls: A normal drop test

“…Recently, the dynamics behaviours of spherical sports balls during impacts have been investigated from theoretical, numerical and experimental viewpoints incorporated with some approximations [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. According to these approaches of studies within the specific purpose noted, theoretical model or similarly mentioned as mathematical model used to be the main component of the analyses attempted.…”

Dynamic Deformation Behavior of a Golf Ball during Normal Impact

“…1 [16,17]. A golf ball was launched using an air gun so that it normally struck a steel target clamped to a rigid structure.…”

“…In previous papers [16,17], we examined the dynamic contact behavior of a golf ball during an oblique impact with a rigid steel target and a PMMA target. The ball was launched horizontally at velocities between 10 and 60 m/s using an air gun, and struck the target at an oblique angle of 30°.…”

Friction Effect on Angular Velocity of a Golf Ball

“…しかし衝撃時のボールの変形や回転計測は，技術的に容易ではなく，ほとんどなされていない． 筆者らは，高速ビデオカメラ (12) を用いて，ゴルフボールの衝撃計測を行ってきた．斜め衝突計測では，ボールの 接触時間，圧縮率，並進速度，回転速度を評価した (13) . また透明樹脂板との斜め衝突実験では，ボール接触面の時 間変化を計測し，摩擦効果について考察した (14) . さらに垂直衝突実験では，ボールの変形を計測し，接触力との対 応関係を検討した (15) .…”