Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition under Partial Occlusion with Optical Flow Reconstruction

Abstract

Video facial expression recognition is useful for many applications and received much interest lately. Although some solutions give really good results in a controlled environment (no occlusion), recognition in the presence of partial facial occlusion remains a challenging task. To handle occlusions, solutions based on the reconstruction of the occluded part of the face have been proposed. These solutions are mainly based on the texture or the geometry of the face. However, the similarity of the face movement between different persons doing the same expression seems to be a real asset for the reconstruction. In this paper we exploit this asset and propose a new solution based on an auto-encoder with skip connections to reconstruct the occluded part of the face in the optical flow domain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first proposition to directly reconstruct the movement for facial expression recognition. We validated our approach in the controlled dataset CK+ on which different occlusions were generated. Our experiments show that the proposed method reduce significantly the gap, in terms of recognition accuracy, between occluded and non-occluded situations. We also compare our approach with existing state-of-the-art solutions. In order to lay the basis of a reproducible and fair comparison in the future, we also propose a new experimental protocol that includes occlusion generation and reconstruction evaluation.

Deep Learning for Micro-expression Recognition: A Survey

“…4) Optical flow: Optical flow is an approximation of the local image motion which has been verified helpful for motion representation [153]. The optical-flow based facial movement analysis [154], [155] offers a promising way for expression analysis with subtle movements [156], [157], various head poses [158] as well as facial occlusions [159]. Optical flow specifies the magnitude and direction of image pixel moves in a given sequence of images with a two-dimension vector field (horizontal and vertical optical flows).…”