Dynamic fecal microenvironment properties enable predictions and understanding of peripartum blood oxidative status and nonesterified fatty acids in dairy cows

Zhu, Sen-Lin; Gu, Feng-Fei; Tang, Yi-Fan; Liu, Xiao-Han; Jia, Ming-Hui; Valencak, Teresa G.; Liu, Jian-Xin; Sun, Hui-Zeng

doi:10.3168/jds.2022-23066

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The composition and function of the gut microbial community are closely related with the glucose and lipid metabolism homeostasis ( 21 , 22 ). A previous study demonstrated that the composition of the gut microbial community in dairy cows was altered to adapt to the high glucose demands after calving ( 51 ). Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobiota, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the primary phyla identified in the hindgut of dairy cows during transition period ( 51 ), which is consistent with our present findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study demonstrated that the composition of the gut microbial community in dairy cows was altered to adapt to the high glucose demands after calving ( 51 ). Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobiota, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the primary phyla identified in the hindgut of dairy cows during transition period ( 51 ), which is consistent with our present findings. Notably, in contrast to Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, the abundance of Verrucomicrobiota increased from late gestation to calving, and decreased subsequently during early lactation, while the abundance of Proteobacteria increased rapidly after lactation initiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In dairy cows, increases in lipolysis and ketogenesis contribute to metabolic disorders and inflammation from late gestation to early lactation ( 54 ). There is evidence that the gut microbiome acts as an indicators of negative energy balance and inflammation in transition dairy cows ( 51 ). By combining the dynamic changes in host phenotype and fecal microbiota, we found that the abundance of Proteobacteria was associated with an increase in metabolic disorders in dairy cows after calving.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to metabolic maladaptation in dairy cows during the development of hyperketonemia

Luo,

Du,

Huang

et al. 2024

mSystems

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Metabolic maladaptation in dairy cows after calving can lead to long-term elevation of ketones, such as β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), representing the condition known as hyperketonemia, which greatly influences the health and production performance of cows during the lactation period. Although the gut microbiota is known to alter in dairy cows with hyperketonemia, the association of microbial metabolites with development of hyperketonemia remains unknown. In this study, we performed a multi-omics analysis to investigate the associations between fecal microbial community, fecal/plasma metabolites, and serum markers in hyperketonemic dairy cows during the transition period. Dynamic changes in the abundance of the phyla Verrucomicrobiota and Proteobacteria were detected in the gut microbiota of dairy cows, representing an adaptation to enhanced lipolysis and abnormal glucose metabolism after calving. Random forest and univariate analyses indicated that Frisingicoccus is a key bacterial genus in the gut of cows during the development of hyperketonemia, and its abundance was positively correlated with circulating branched-chain amino acid levels and the ketogenesis pathway. Taurodeoxycholic acid, belonging to the microbial metabolite, was strongly correlated with an increase in blood BHB level, and the levels of other secondary bile acid in the feces and plasma were altered in dairy cows prior to the diagnosis of hyperketonemia, which link the gut microbiota and hyperketonemia. Our results suggest that alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to excessive lipolysis and insulin insensitivity during the development of hyperketonemia, providing fundamental knowledge about manipulation of gut microbiome to improve metabolic adaptability in transition dairy cows. IMPORTANCE Accumulating evidence is pointing to an important association between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and metabolic disorders in humans and animals; however, this association in dairy cows from late gestation to early lactation is poorly understood. To address this gap, we integrated longitudinal gut microbial (feces) and metabolic (feces and plasma) profiles to characterize the phenotypic differences between healthy and hyperketonemic dairy cows from late gestation to early lactation. Our results demonstrate that cows underwent excessive lipid mobilization and insulin insensitivity before hyperketonemia was evident. The bile acids are functional readouts that link gut microbiota and host phenotypes in the development of hyperketonemia. Thus, this work provides new insight into the mechanisms involved in metabolic adaptation during the transition period to adjust to the high energy and metabolic demands after calving and during lactation, which can offer new strategies for livestock management involving intervention of the gut microbiome to facilitate metabolic adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to metabolic maladaptation in dairy cows during the development of hyperketonemia

Luo,

Du,

Huang

et al. 2024

mSystems

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Comparison of microbiota structure in reproductive tract of Yanbian cattle and Yanhuang cattle

Teng,

Feng,

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Microbiota in the reproductive tract of cattle play a vital role in maintaining normal reproduction. However, the information on microbiota in different parts of reproductive tracts with different genetic background is few. The aim of the present study was to describe and compare the microbiota in vagina, cervix and uterus of Yanbian cattle and Yanhuang cattle. The results showed that microbial diversity increases from the vagina to the uterus. The top three bacterial phyla in bovine reproductive tract were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, accounting for more than 85%. From the vagina to the uterus, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria gradually decreased, while that of Firmicutes gradually increased. Phylum-level Firmicutes and genus-level UCG_010 were significantly enriched in the uterus of Yanbian cattle and Yanhuang cattle. Comparing the same parts of the two breeds, it was found that there was no significant difference in alpha diversity, but significant differences in beta diversity. In addition, microbiota with significant differences in the relative abundance of the reproductive tract were found. These findings lay a foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the structure of the genital tract microbiota of cows and its regulatory mechanisms.

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Dynamic fecal microenvironment properties enable predictions and understanding of peripartum blood oxidative status and nonesterified fatty acids in dairy cows

Cited by 2 publications

References 60 publications

Alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to metabolic maladaptation in dairy cows during the development of hyperketonemia

Alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to metabolic maladaptation in dairy cows during the development of hyperketonemia

Comparison of microbiota structure in reproductive tract of Yanbian cattle and Yanhuang cattle

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