Dynamic Mechanical Damage and Non-Shock initiation of a New Polymer Bonded Explosive during Penetration

Abstract

Complexities of heating mechanisms make it difficult to investigate the safety of a polymer bonded explosive (PBX) charge of earth-penetrating-weapons (EPWs) during penetration. In this paper, the dynamic damage and non-shock initiation of PBX1314 (60 wt % hexahydro-1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-s-triazine (RDX), 16 wt % aluminum, 24 wt % hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)) during penetration is investigated through experiments and simulations. In the experiments, steel projectiles filled with PBX1314 are launched to penetrate concrete targets. In the results, non-shock initiations occur on the tail surface of PBX1314 along with mechanical damage of the tail and middle part of PBX1314. A dynamic damage and initiation model is proposed to characterize the effects of microcracks on the mechanical and thermal responses of PBX1314. Investigation based on the model suggests that microcrack interfacial friction plays significant roles in damage, heat generation and localization in PBX1314. A non-shock initiation criterion is developed based on macroscale variables in PBX1314. Numerical simulations of the penetration experiments are performed by using the proposed model and criterion. The mechanical damage and non-shock initiation of PBX1314 in the experiments are successfully predicted. The simulation results indicate that the tail of PBX1314 impacts the projectile repeatedly during penetration. Finally, the initiation criterion is satisfied because of frictional heat localization near microcrack surfaces and initiation is activated in the tail of PBX1314.

Separate Calibration of Johnson–Cook Model for Static and Dynamic Compression of a DNAN-Based Melt-Cast Explosive

“…It is usually believed that improving the mechanical properties can enhance safety [ 5 , 6 ]. Thus, if an explosive is unable to resist external mechanical stimuli, defects such as cracks may develop inside an explosive charge, probably resulting in the hot-spot initiation of such a heterogeneous explosive [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Therefore, chemical additives or binders are often incorporated into the formulation of an explosive to improve its mechanical properties [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”