Dynamic Response and Failure Mechanism of Concrete Arch Dams under Extreme Loadings: A Solid Foundation for Real-World Actions to Reduce Dam Collapse Losses during Wartime or Terrorist Attacks

Abstract

With massive energy demands, the majority of developing countries are at a critical juncture in their industrial development. Their energy structure, on the other hand, is relatively specific and heavily reliant on fossil fuels, resulting in significant environmental pollution. As a result, the development of clean energy is on the horizon, which is related not only to whether developing countries can build a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society but also to whether they can achieve socially sustainable development. As a significant clean energy source, not only does hydropower play an important role in the development of an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly green economy, but it also has numerous benefits such as shipping, irrigation, flood control, and water supply. So, hydropower development is critical for developing countries to adjust their energy structures, achieve regional development balance, and ensure river defense safety. However, precision guidance technology is maturing around the world. If one side’s water-retaining dam is accurately blasted in the event of a full-scale war or local conflict, it may cause significant economic and human losses. Dam safety and protection from strong explosions deserve special attention given the obvious seriousness of the consequences. It is critical to improve the anti-explosion safety of major hydraulic structures by revealing the dynamic response behavior, damage mechanism, and dam characteristics under explosion impact loads, as well as evaluating the dam’s condition after extreme loads. In the critical work of disaster prevention and mitigation, this is crucial to our social and economic development. This study is not only a key technical problem and an important strategic task in hydraulic structure construction, but it may also serve as a guideline for governments to take effective measures to reduce the loss of dam break under special circumstances.

Dam Safety Evaluation Method after Extreme Load Condition Based on Health Monitoring and Deep Learning

“…The second step is to determine the input and output relationship of the SSA-BiLSTM model. According to dam deformation monitoring theory, the model has 16 input factors, which divided into three parts: (1) water pressure component: X1 = (H − H0), X2 = (H − H0) 2 , X3 = (H − H0) 3 , and X4 = (H − H0) 4 . These factors are the direct influence of water pressure.…”

“…The dam project has played an important role in economic development worldwide, and the safety operation of the project is of great significance [1,2]. In addition to the conventional water and temperature loads, these projects are also subjected to extreme loads [3]. In recent years, serious natural disasters, such as strong earthquakes and rainstorms, happened more frequently around the world.…”