Dynamics of immune parameters during the treatment of active tuberculosis showing negative interferon gamma response at the time of diagnosis

Abstract

It was demonstrated that a majority of active TB patients showing negative IGRA results did not regain sufficient levels of immune responsiveness despite successful treatment.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Diagnostic Accuracy of T-SPOT.TB for Active Tuberculosis in Clinical Practice

“…Studies on factors influencing the sensitivity of IGRAs are limited. A study in Vietnam analyzed the false-negative results by QFT-GIT in 19 smear-positive/culture-confirmed TB patients 15 , and demonstrated that a majority of ATB patients showing negative IGRA results did not regain sufficient levels of immune responsiveness despite successful treatment. The authors concluded that insufficient levels of immune responsiveness might impact the sensitivity of IGRAs.…”

Epidemiology of Cryptococcus and cryptococcosis in Western Africa

“…In Africa (including the western part which is the focus of this review), there are not many reports on the prevalence of cryptococcosis in advanced HIV-positive patients. 44 51 The overwhelming inflammatory response as a result of restoring a previously impaired immune system caused immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). 52 In previous studies, the manifestation of IRIS due to cryptococcal infection in HIVpositive patients after the introduction of ART is widely known.…”

“…Geerdes‐Fenge et al 50 reported a case of 22‐year‐old HIV‐negative patient diagnosed with severe hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) caused by multi‐organ tuberculosis, who later showed signs of cryptococcal infection. The patient had immune suppression during the TB diagnosis which was later restored during effective antituberculosis treatment 51 . The overwhelming inflammatory response as a result of restoring a previously impaired immune system caused immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) 52 .…”

Metformin induced autophagy in diabetes mellitus – Tuberculosis co-infection patients: A case study

“…Currently, IFN-g release assay (IGRA) is used as one of the tools of diagnosis of latent TB infection and IFN-g elevation is one of the indicators of successful treatment in active TB infection. 29,30 Moreover, IFN-g plays important key in autophagy. 21,30 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 i n d i a n j o u r n a l o f t u b e r c u l o s i s x x x ( 2 0 1 8 ) x x x -x x x Table 5 shows that IFN-g level before treatment between MET group and non MET group were alike ( p > 0.005), thus it shows that patients in both groups, before treatment, were in similar stage of IFN-g.…”