Dysregulated long non coding RNA as biomarkers for diagnosis of Mesothelioma: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Malignant Mesothelioma is a rare and fatal cancer caused by uncontrolled growth and proliferation of pleural mesothelial cells and it is frequently diagnosed late. Furthermore, diagnosis can be difficult, which provides incentive for the investigation of new methods of diagnosis. Biomarkers are biological indicators of a biological state or disease. lncRNA have been found to be linked to the progression of mesothelioma. LncRNAs were discovered to be expressed differently across tissues and conditions, which suggests potential as biomarkers. Aim: we discuss the potential in using lncRNA as biomarkers in Mesothelioma, emphasizing on specific lncRNA that have already been explored and to clarify their diagnostic value. In order to narrow down all lncRNA markers investigated for mesothelioma, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on the subject. Methods: Searches were conducted through four databases (Pubmed, JStor, Mdpi and Sciencedirect) for articles in time frame between 2010 and 2022. The search criteria based on the keywords: “Mesothelioma”, “lncRNA” or “Long non coding RNA”. The study was evaluated by 2 researches independently. Screening of 1141 articles, only 3 articles were included for fulfilling the criteria. Quality Assessment was carried using Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2 Results: Three studies analyzed and confirmed the expression and diagnostic value of 4 lncRNAs (GAS5, lncRNA‐RP1‐86D1.3, SNHG8, POT1-AS1) by RT-qPCR in 96 patients of various ethnic backgrounds and gender groups. Conclusion: The present studies hold promise for LncRNAs as novel diagnostic markers for pleural mesothelioma. However, larger sample size and more standardized protocols are required for validation.