Ear-tufts: a skin structure mutation of the Araucana fowl

Somes, Ralph G.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a108911

Cited by 11 publications

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“…Lethality among a portion of heterozygous birds is also reported, appearing to occur at 20–21 days of incubation [8]. Post-hatch mortality is significantly higher among tufted chickens [6], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Ear-tufts are feather-covered, epidermal protrusions originating near the ear canal ( Figure 1 ). The mass of tissue forming the protrusion, or peduncle, is believed to develop as a result of the incomplete fusion of the hyomandibular arches, and it can vary in position and length (from 2 mm to 2 cm) [6] , [7] . Tufted chickens may also have structural rearrangement of the ears [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mass of tissue forming the protrusion, or peduncle, is believed to develop as a result of the incomplete fusion of the hyomandibular arches, and it can vary in position and length (from 2 mm to 2 cm) [6] , [7] . Tufted chickens may also have structural rearrangement of the ears [6] . Abnormalities include irregularly shaped external ear openings and shortened or absent external auditory canals [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tufted chickens may also have structural rearrangement of the ears [6] . Abnormalities include irregularly shaped external ear openings and shortened or absent external auditory canals [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Association Mapping and Identification of Candidate Genes for the Rumpless and Ear-tufted Traits of the Araucana Chicken

Noorai

Freese²,

Wright³

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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Araucana chickens are known for their rounded, tailless rumps and tufted ears. Inheritance studies have shown that the rumpless (Rp) and ear-tufted (Et) loci each act in an autosomal dominant fashion, segregate independently, and are associated with an increased rate of embryonic mortality. To find genomic regions associated with Rp and Et, we generated genome-wide SNP profiles for a diverse population of 60 Araucana chickens using the 60 K chicken SNP BeadChip. Genome-wide association studies using 40 rumpless and 11 tailed birds showed a strong association with rumpless on Gga 2 (P raw = 2.45×10−10, P genome = 0.00575), and analysis of genotypes revealed a 2.14 Mb haplotype shared by all rumpless birds. Within this haplotype, a 0.74 Mb critical interval containing two Iroquois homeobox genes, Irx1 and Irx2, was unique to rumpless Araucana chickens. Irx1 and Irx2 are central for developmental prepatterning, but neither gene is known to have a role in mechanisms leading to caudal development. A second genome-wide association analysis using 30 ear-tufted and 28 non-tufted birds revealed an association with tufted on Gga 15 (P raw = 6.61×10−7, P genome = 0.0981). We identified a 0.58 Mb haplotype common to tufted birds and harboring 7 genes. Because homozygosity for Et is nearly 100% lethal, we employed a heterozygosity mapping approach to prioritize candidate gene selection. A 60 kb region heterozygous in all Araucana chickens contains the complete coding sequence for TBX1 and partial sequence for GNB1L. TBX1 is an important transcriptional regulator of embryonic development and a key genetic determinant of human DiGeorge syndrome. Herein, we describe localization of Rp and Et and identification of positional candidate genes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Genome-Wide Association Mapping and Identification of Candidate Genes for the Rumpless and Ear-tufted Traits of the Araucana Chicken

Noorai

Freese²,

Wright³

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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show abstract

“…These are feather-covered epidermal appendages that project from the side of the chicken's head. These ear tufts are associated with an irregular external ear opening and a reduced external auditory canal and reduced middle ear fossa [38]. To determine whether these changes in the morphology are associated with changes in the brain, the ISRN Evolutionary Biology sizes of auditory nuclei in the brainstem of different chicken breeds were compared.…”

Section: Alterations In Brain and Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Remarks on Bird's Brain and Behavior under the Constraints of Domestication

Mehlhorn

Rehkämper

2013

ISRN Evolutionary Biology

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The relationship between domestication and evolution is still a matter of discussion. In this review, we present some arguments for the assumption that domestication could be seen as an evolutionary process including the possibility that new species might evolve. In course of domestication, many breeds have been developed which show numerous alterations in different parameters such as body size, coloring, habitat, behavior, and brain size and composition. Here, we would like to give an overview particularly about alterations and varieties in (brain) morphology and behavior in domestic poultry and argue that these alterations could be seen as adaptations to the man-made environment.

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Variations in the morphology, distribution, and arrangement of feathers in domesticated birds

Bartels

2003

J Exp Zool Pt B

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Domesticated birds exhibit a greater diversity in the morphology of their integument and its appendages than their wild ancestors. Many of these variations affect the appearance of a bird significantly and have been bred selectively by poultry and pigeon fanciers and aviculturists for the sake of visual appeal. Variations in feather distribution (e.g., feathering of legs and feet, featherless areas in normally feather-bearing skin) are widespread in chickens and pigeons. Variations in the number of feathers (e.g., increased number of tail feathers, lack of tail feathers) occur in certain pigeon and poultry breeds. Variations in feather length can affect certain body regions or the entire plumage. Variations in feather structure (e.g., silkiness, frilled feathering) can be found in exhibition poultry as well as in pet birds. Variations in feather arrangement (e.g., feather crests and vortices) occur in many domesticated bird species as a results of mutation and intense selective breeding. The causes of variations in the structure, distribution, length and arrangement of feathers is often unknown and opens a wide field for scientific research under various points of view (e.g., morphogenesis, pathogenesis, ethology, etc.). To that extent, variations in the morphology, distribution and arrangement of feathers in domesticated birds require also a concern for animal welfare because certain alleles responsible for integumentary variations in domesticated birds have pleiotropic effects, which often affect normal behaviour and viability.

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Ear-tufts: a skin structure mutation of the Araucana fowl

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Genome-Wide Association Mapping and Identification of Candidate Genes for the Rumpless and Ear-tufted Traits of the Araucana Chicken

Genome-Wide Association Mapping and Identification of Candidate Genes for the Rumpless and Ear-tufted Traits of the Araucana Chicken

Some Remarks on Bird's Brain and Behavior under the Constraints of Domestication

Variations in the morphology, distribution, and arrangement of feathers in domesticated birds

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