Earliest evidence for the structure of Homo sapiens populations in Africa

Scerri, Eleanor M. L.; Drake, Nicholas; Jennings, Richard; Groucutt, Huw S.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.07.019

Cited by 121 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…(a) North-west and North Africa seems likely that a non-Aterian MSA continues in some regions alongside and even after the Aterian [36,37]. The Jebel Irhoud cave was exposed during quarrying operations in a Baryte mine and since 1961 has produced faunal remains, non-Aterian MSA archaeology and at least seven fossil hominins, with several more specimens found since 2007 awaiting publication.…”

Section: The African Middle-early Late Pleistocene Fossil Record Of Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin and evolution ofHomo sapiens

Stringer

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

352

241

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Section: The African Middle-early Late Pleistocene Fossil Record Of Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin and evolution ofHomo sapiens

Stringer

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

352

241

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“…Research in the Sahara has demonstrated that similar fluvial systems formed biogeographic corridors that permitted transSaharan dispersals during wetter phases of MIS 5 and the Holocene Scerri et al, 2014a). Finlayson (2014Finlayson ( , 2013 has hypothesised that spatio-temporal variations in freshwater availability may also have driven hominin movements throughout the wider mid-latitude belt.…”

Section: Palaeohydrology and Hominin Dispersals In The Arabian Peninsulamentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote sensing and GIS techniques for reconstructing Arabian palaeohydrology and identifying archaeological sites

Breeze

Drake

Groucutt

et al. 2015

Quaternary International

Self Cite

107

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a b s t r a c tFreshwater availability is critical for human survival, and in the Saharo-Arabian desert belt repeated fluctuations between aridity and humidity over the Quaternary mean the distribution of freshwater was likely a primary control upon routes and opportunities for hominin dispersals. However, our knowledge of the spatio-temporal distribution of palaeohydrological resources within Arabia during MideLate Pleistocene episodes of climatic amelioration remains limited. In this paper we outline a combined method for remotely mapping the location of palaeodrainage and palaeolakes in currently arid regions that were formerly subject to more humid conditions. We demonstrate the potential of this approach by mapping palaeochannels across the whole Arabian Peninsula, and palaeolakes and marshes for select regions covering c. 10% of its surface. Our palaeodrainage mapping is based upon quantitative thresholding of HydroSHEDs data, which applies flow routing to Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data, while our palaeolake mapping uses an innovative method where spectral classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery is used to detect palaeolake deposits within endorheic (closed) basins, before modelling maximum lake extents by flooding the basin to the level of the elevation of the highest detected deposit. Field survey in the Nefud desert and the Dawadmi and Shuwaymis regions of Saudi Arabia indicates accuracies of 86% for palaeodrainage mapping, and 96% for identifying former palaeolake basins (73% accuracy of classification of individual deposits). The palaeolake mapping method has also demonstrated potential for identifying surface and stratified archaeological site locations, with 76% of the surveyed palaeolake basins containing archaeological material, including stratified Palaeolithic archaeology. Initial examination of palaeodrainage in relation to archaeological sites indicates a relationship between mapped features and previously recorded Palaeolithic sites. An example of the application of these data for period-specific regional palaeohydrological and archaeological reconstructions is presented for a region of Northern Saudi Arabia covering the southern Nefud desert and adjacent lava fields.

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“…An interesting aspect is the presence of micro-Levallois cores, which might indicate a possible cultural tracer, as it marks a speciality for Moroccan Middle Palaeolithic core configuration [e.g. (Bouzouggar, 1997;Bouzouggar et al 2002;Nespoulet et al, 2008;Barton & d'Errico, 2012;Bouzouggar & Barton, 2012;Dibble et al, 2012;Scerri 2013aScerri , 2013bScerri et al, 2014). In general, lithic technology is described to be very flexible (e.g., Nespoulet et al, 2008;Bouzouggar & Barton, 2012;Spinapolice & Garcea, 2014;Campmas et al, 2016).…”

Section: Lithic Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural contact over the Strait of Gibraltar during the Middle Palaeolithic? Evaluating the visibility of cultural exchange

Tafelmaier¹,

Pastoors²,

Weniger³

2018

Munibe, Antropol.-Arkeol.

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Possible contacts between hunter-gatherers of Northern Africa and Europe via the Strait of Gibraltar during the Pleistocene are still object to discussions. In the absence of significant fossil remains, debates are mainly based on similarities and differences of singular aspects of material culture. However, a theoretical framework for these discussions was lacking. The first aim of this study thus has been the development of a theoretical base. We therein included Maslow´s pyramid of basic needs. The idea of our approach is that the presence or absence of so-called cultural tracers identify either contact or disparity. A large database on archaeological sites of Morocco and Southern Iberia dating between 160 ka and 40 ka years ago has been compiled, containing information about lithic technology and typology, lithic raw material acquisition, subsistence patterns and symbolic behaviour. We formulated three potential contact scenarios between the two regions. The presence and/ or absence of so-called cultural tracers within the data set, that covered all levels of Maslow´s pyramid, led us to conclude that -based on the present archaeological and anthropological data -no contact took place between Iberian and North African populations across the Strait of Gibraltar in the given time frame. RESUMENContactos entre grupos humanos del Pleistoceno superior entre África del Norte y la Península Ibérica cruzando el Estrecho de Gibraltar están siendo objeto de debates. Por la falta de fósiles humanos significativos el debate se centra básicamente en similitudes y diferencias en la cultura material. Pero todavía falta un marco metodológico para la discusión. Este trabajo intenta la presentación de una base teórica preliminar. La pirámide de Maslow con necesidades básicas forma parte de estas reflexiones. La ausencia o presencia de marcadores culturales indica según nuestro enfoque contactos o disparidades. En un banco de datos de yacimientos arqueológicos entre 160 ka y 40 ka de Marruecos y del sur de España hemos compilado información sobre tecnología de inventarios líticos, aprovisionamiento de materias primas, patrones de asentamiento y comportamiento simbólico. Se pueden formular tres escenarios de contacto entre ambas regiones. La aplicación de marcadores culturales in relación con la pirámide entera de Maslow indica que según la información actual no se pueden demostrar contactos entre ambos continentes. LABURPENAIparraldeko Afrikaren eta Iberiar penintsularen artean, Gibraltargo itsasartea zeharkatuta, Goi-pleistozenoan giza taldeen artean izan ziren harremanak eztabaidagai bihurtu dira. Gizakiaren fosil esanguratsurik ez dagoenez, eztabaidaren gai nagusia, batez ere, kultura materialean dauden antzekotasunak eta aldeak dira. Baina oraindik eztabaidarako testuinguru metodologikoa falta da. Lan honen helburua da aurretiazko oinarri teorikoa aurkeztea. Oinarrizko beharrak dituen Maslow piramidea gogoeta horien baitan dago. Gure ustez, markatzaile kulturalik ez izateak edo halakoak izateak harremanak edo desber...

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Earliest evidence for the structure of Homo sapiens populations in Africa

Cited by 121 publications

References 56 publications

The origin and evolution ofHomo sapiens

The origin and evolution ofHomo sapiens

Remote sensing and GIS techniques for reconstructing Arabian palaeohydrology and identifying archaeological sites

Cultural contact over the Strait of Gibraltar during the Middle Palaeolithic? Evaluating the visibility of cultural exchange

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