Early anthropometric indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Bakhtiani, Priyanka; Geffner, Mitchell E.

doi:10.1097/med.0000000000000698

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Genetics plays a significant role in T2DM development [ 19 ], with body weight, height, and abdominal fat as known risk factors [ 20 ]. However, environmental factors such as diet also play a major role in the development and reversal of T2DM markers [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Geroprotective Drug Candidate CMS121 Alleviates Diabetes, Liver Inflammation, and Renal Damage in db/db Leptin Receptor Deficient Mice

Zahid

Dafre

Currais

et al. 2023

IJMS

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db/db mice, which lack leptin receptors and exhibit hyperphagia, show disturbances in energy metabolism and are a model of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The geroneuroprotector drug candidate CMS121 has been shown to be effective in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease and aging through the modulation of metabolism. Thus, the hypothesis was that CMS121 could protect db/db mice from metabolic defects and thereby reduce liver inflammation and kidney damage. The mice were treated with CMS121 in their diet for 6 months. No changes were observed in food and oxygen consumption, body mass, or locomotor activity compared to control db/db mice, but a 5% reduction in body weight was noted. Improved glucose tolerance and reduced HbA1c and insulin levels were also seen. Blood and liver triglycerides and free fatty acids decreased. Improved metabolism was supported by lower levels of fatty acid metabolites in the urine. Markers of liver inflammation, including NF-κB, IL-18, caspase 3, and C reactive protein, were lowered by the CMS121 treatment. Urine markers of kidney damage were improved, as evidenced by lower urinary levels of NGAL, clusterin, and albumin. Urine metabolomics studies provided further evidence for kidney protection. Mitochondrial protein markers were elevated in db/db mice, but CMS121 restored the renal levels of NDUFB8, UQCRC2, and VDAC. Overall, long-term CMS121 treatment alleviated metabolic imbalances, liver inflammation, and reduced markers of kidney damage. Thus, this study provides promising evidence for the potential therapeutic use of CMS121 in treating metabolic disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Geroprotective Drug Candidate CMS121 Alleviates Diabetes, Liver Inflammation, and Renal Damage in db/db Leptin Receptor Deficient Mice

Zahid

Dafre

Currais

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The localization of excess body fat is also paramount in childhood and adolescence. An excess of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with high metabolic [16] and cardiovascular risks [17], possibly because of an increase of VAT lipolytic activity leading to a rise in circulating free fatty acids. Fat in additional body locations may also lead to other health implications, such as the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), which acts as a reservoir for excess energy and triglycerides and impedes the flow of lipids to other tissues.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Monitoring Of Excess Adiposity In Children And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting of excess body fat in children

Córdoba-Rodríguez

Rodrı́guez

Moreno

2022

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &Amp; Metabolic Care

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Purpose of reviewApproximately 370 million children and adolescents worldwide showed overweight or obesity in 2016. The risk of developing severe comorbidities depends on the age of onset and the duration of obesity. This review discusses available methodologies to detect excess body fat in children as well as the early life factors that predict excess body fat and its development.Recent findingsFactors, such as parental nutritional status, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, maternal smoking during pregnancy, low and high birth weight, rapid weight gain, and short infant sleep duration have been independently and positively associated with neonatal, infant, and children adiposity. Early detection of excess body fat in children through the use of various tools is the first step in preventing nutrition-related diseases in adulthood.SummaryThe early detection of excess body fat and the implementation of efficient interventions to normalize the weight of children and adolescents at obesity risk are essential to prevent diseases in adult life.

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Fetal Growth Trajectories and Measures of Insulin Resistance in Young Adults

Yadav

Beilin

Huang

et al. 2023

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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Context Events during gestation significantly influence the risk of cardiometabolic diseases including diabetes in the offspring during later life. Objective The study aimed to investigate relationships between serial ultrasound derived fetal growth trajectories and markers of insulin resistance in young adults in the Raine Study, an Australian pregnancy cohort. Research Design and Methods Linear mixed modeling examined the relationship between fetal growth trajectory groups, constructed using serial ultrasound-based abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL) and head circumference (HC) from 1333 mother-fetal pairs, and offspring Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), as a marker of diabetes risk, at 20 (n = 414), 22 (n = 385) and 27 (n = 431) years. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status, adult lifestyle factors and maternal factors during pregnancy. Results The study identified seven AC, five FL and five HC growth trajectory groups. Compared to the average-stable (reference) group, a low-falling AC growth trajectory (26%, P = 0.005) and two low HC growth trajectories (20%, P = 0.006 and 8%, P = 0.021) associated with higher adult HOMA-IR. Trajectories representing a high-stable FL and a rising HC associated with 12% (P = 0.002) and 9% (P = 0.021) lower adult HOMA-IR respectively, compared to the reference group. Conclusions Restricted fetal head and abdominal circumference from early pregnancy associate with higher relative insulin resistance in the offspring during adulthood. These data strengthen our understanding of the importance of the intrauterine environment and its effect on the risk of predisposition to adult diabetes and related metabolic disorders.

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Early anthropometric indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 5 publications

References 55 publications

The Geroprotective Drug Candidate CMS121 Alleviates Diabetes, Liver Inflammation, and Renal Damage in db/db Leptin Receptor Deficient Mice

The Geroprotective Drug Candidate CMS121 Alleviates Diabetes, Liver Inflammation, and Renal Damage in db/db Leptin Receptor Deficient Mice

Predicting of excess body fat in children

Fetal Growth Trajectories and Measures of Insulin Resistance in Young Adults

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