Early endocrine disruptors exposure acts on 3T3-L1 differentiation and endocrine activity

Abstract

Introduction: Data from last years suggested that early exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDs) can predispose newborns to endocrine dysfunction of adipocytes, obesity, and associated disorders. The implication of EDs at low doses on adipocyte development has been poorly investigated. For instance, vinclozolin (V) is a dicarboximide fungicide widely used in agriculture since the 90's, alone or in mixture with genistein (G), an isoflavonoid from Leguminosae. This study aims to identify the effect of vinclozolin alone or with genistein, on adipose tissue properties using cell culture. Methods: In steroid-free conditions, 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were induced to differentiate in the presence of EDs, singularly or in mixtures, for 2 days. DNA and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured on days 0, 2 and 8 of differentiation. Leptin secretion was measured only on the eighth day. Results: We show that low doses of G (25 µM) and V (0.1 µM) inhibit pre-adipocytes differentiation. This inhibition has been represented by a decreasing in DNA content (µg/well) and decreasing in TG accumulation (mg/mL) in 3T3-L1 cells. Nevertheless, V increased the anti-adipogenic properties of G. Conclusion: This study confirms that EDs singularly or in mixtures, introduced during early stages of life, could affect the differentiation and the endocrine activity of adipocytes, and can act as potential factors for obesity.

Endocrine Disruptors Leading to Obesity and Related Diseases

“…Various xenobiotics have been shown to promote obesity [ 1 ]. Fungicides such as vinclozolin and genistein have been reported to intervene in 3T3-L1 cellular line differentiation into adipose cells [ 29 ]. Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure during pregnancy has been reported to aggregate hepatic triglycerides in descendants [ 30 ].…”

Safety and quality evaluations of liquid milk and infant formula products in China in 2022

“…Most pesticides are fat-soluble, including milk fat [53,55]. Certain pesticides may interact with the endocrine system and have an impact on human health [56,57].…”

Relationship between endocrine disruptors and obesity with a focus on bisphenol A: a narrative review

“…19 These molecules have distinct hormonal properties that can be estrogenic like genistein and BPA, 20 or antiandrogenic like vinclozolin. 21 In 1999, the European Commission 22 proposed the following definition: "An endocrine disruptor (ED) is an exogenous substance or mixture, altering the functions of the endocrine system and thereby inducing adverse health effects in an intact organism, its descendants or subpopulations". This definition has been supplemented by the following two definitions: "A potential endocrine disruptor is an exogenous substance or mixture with properties that can induce an endocrine disruption in an intact organism, in an offspring or a population".…”