Early irrigation systems in southeastern Arizona: the ostracode perspective

Palacios-Fest, Manuel R.; Mabry, Jonathan B.; Nials, Fred L.; Holmlund, James P.; Miksa, Elizabeth; Davis, Owen K.

doi:10.1016/s0895-9811(01)00047-5

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Palacios-Fest et al (2001) identified several stages of water management in the Santa Cruz River Valley of Southeastern Arizona in the prehistoric era. These researchers reported that prehistoric people first operated their irrigation system in a simple mode involving diversion of ephemeral flows following storms, and later in a complex mode involving diversion of perennial flows.…”

Section: Prehistoric Farming Techniques and Soil Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soils and food sufficiency. A review

Lal

2009

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

191

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-Soil degradation, caused by land misuse and soil mismanagement, has plagued humanity since the dawn of settled agriculture. Many once thriving civilizations collapsed due to erosion, salinization, nutrient depletion and other soil degradation processes. The Green Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, that saved hundreds of millions from starvation in Asia and elsewhere, by-passed Sub-Saharan Africa. This remains the only region in the world where the number of hungry and food-insecure populations will still be on the increase even by 2020. The serious technological and political challenges are being exacerbated by the rising energy costs. Resource-poor and small-size land-holders can neither afford the expensive input nor are they sure of their effectiveness because of degraded soils and the harsh, changing climate. Consequently, crop yields are adversely impacted by accelerated erosion, and depletion of soil organic matter (SOM) and nutrients because of the extractive farming practices. Low crop yields, despite growing improved varieties, are due to the severe soil degradation, especially the low SOM reserves and poor soil structure that aggravate drought stress. Components of recommended technology include: no-till; residue mulch and cover crops; integrated nutrient management; and biochar used in conjunction with improved crops (genetically modified, biotechnology) and cropping systems, and energy plantation for biofuel production. However, its low acceptance, e.g. for no-till farming, is due to a range of biophysical, social and economic factors. Competing uses of crop residues for other needs is among numerous factors limiting the adoption of no-till farming. Creating another income stream for resource-poor farmers, through payments for ecosystem services, e.g., C sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems, is an important strategy for promoting the adoption of recommended technologies. Adoption of improved soil management practices is essential to adapt to the changing climate, and meeting the needs of growing populations for food, fodder, fuel and fabrics. Soil restoration and sustainable management are essential to achieving food security, and global peace and stability.food security / soil restoration / sustainable development / soil degradation / conservation agriculture / no-till farming / biochar / integrated nutrient management

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Section: Prehistoric Farming Techniques and Soil Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soils and food sufficiency. A review

Lal

2009

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

191

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“…The redox index and the color of valves reflected burial conditions. The A/J and C/V ratios were used as indicators of biocenosis (Whatley, 1983;Palacios-Fest et al, 2001). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Holocene Paleoenvironmental History of the Upper West Amarillo Creek Valley at Archaeological Site 41PT185/C, Texas, USA

Palacios-Fest

2010

BSGM

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In combination, microinvertebrates, calcareous algae (Charophyta), and the stable isotopes from ostracodes and gyrogonites (the calcareous remains of charophytes) are a powerful tool for reconstructing paleoclimates. This study compares the paleoenvironmental signatures of land and aquatic mollusks, ostracodes, and charophytes with stable-isotope (δ 18 O and Resumen En combinación, los microinvertebrados, algas calcáreas (Charophyta), e isótopos estables de ostrácodos y girogonitos (los restos calcáreos de carófitas) constituyen una herramienta muy poderosa para reconstruir paleoclimas. Este estudio compara las firmas paleoambientales de moluscos terrestres y acuáticos, ostrácodos, y carófitas con los valores de los isótopos estables (

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“…Native Americans already had a long history of water engineering in the area. About 3000 years ago, canals channeled ephemeral stream water to a settlement known to archaeologists as Las Capas, 15 km downstream of the present city center (Palacios‐Fest et al ). Systems of controlled irrigation ditches and shallow dug wells in the flood plain have been excavated in a site dating from 1000 years ago (Logan ).…”

Section: Review – History Of Groundwater Use In Tucsonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Depletion Beneath Downtown Tucson, Arizona: A 240‐Year Record

Eastoe

Gu²

2016

Contemporary Water Research

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Abstract:Beginning with the foundation date of Spanish Tucson in 1775 and continuing through the 1890s, shallow groundwater and related features, including a perched aquifer, stream-bed springs and a short perennial reach in the Santa Cruz River, progressively disappeared from the Downtown Tucson area. The 20th-Century city grew rapidly, and increasing groundwater withdrawals caused large declines in the regional aquifer of Tucson basin, leaving a second perched aquifer with non-aqueous contaminants beneath Downtown. Isotope data show that this fully perched aquifer retains residual water from the regional aquifer, plus recharge derived from a nearby small watercourse. The present regional aquifer beneath Downtown is locally layered and partly confined, and contains water 7-20 Ka years old originating at the northern and southeastern basin margins.

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Early irrigation systems in southeastern Arizona: the ostracode perspective

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Soils and food sufficiency. A review

Soils and food sufficiency. A review

Late Holocene Paleoenvironmental History of the Upper West Amarillo Creek Valley at Archaeological Site 41PT185/C, Texas, USA

Groundwater Depletion Beneath Downtown Tucson, Arizona: A 240‐Year Record

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