Early Phanerozoic annelid worms and their geological and biological significance

Glaessner, Martin F.

doi:10.1144/gsjgs.132.3.0259

Cited by 75 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Many of these tubular fossils have been attributed to annelids in general and serpulids in particular (e.g. Yochelson, 1971;Glaessner, 1976;Chen et al, 1981;Bandel, 1986), but their true biological affinities are usually unresolved. The major function of mineralised tubes was probably protection against predation (Bengston, 2002), but physiological adaptation to changing ocean chemistry and the opportunity to grow larger were also proposed (e.g.…”

Section: False Serpulids: Tubular Fossils Below the Precambriancambrimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Written in stone: history of serpulid polychaetes through time

et al. 2014

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Ippolitov, A.P., Vinn, O., Kupriyanova, E.K. and Jäger, M. 2014. Written in stone: history of serpulid polychaetes through time. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 71: 123-159.Although the fossil record of annelids in general is poor, calcareous tube-building Serpulidae are a notable exception. The "stumbling block" of understanding the serpulid fossil record is obtaining reliable taxonomic interpretations of fossil tubes based on morphology. Luckily, serpulid tubes demonstrate high variety of ultrastructures and nonuniform mineralogical composition, which can be used as new tools for decrypting the fossil record. Ancient Late Ediacaran (580-541 Ma) and Paleozoic (541-252 Ma) rocks contain diverse tubicolous fossils that have often been erroneously interpreted as annelids, and serpulids, in particular. Palaeozoic to Middle Jurassic coiled spirorbiform tubes, often referred to as Spirorbis, had been shown to be microconchids, a group of probable lophophorate affinity. The most ancient records of unequivocal serpulids date back to the Middle Triassic (~244 Ma) of the Mesozoic, and from the Earliest Jurassic (~200 Ma) fossil serpulids become common. From the latest Jurassic (~146 Ma) serpulids colonised hydrocarbon seep environments and possibly also penetrated the deep sea. Concerted efforts of paleontologists and zoologists are needed for further understanding of serpulid evolutionary history. The serpulid fossil record can become a valuable instrument for calibration of "molecular clocks" in polychaetes, which would allow dating not only divergence events in serpulids, but also in annelid groups that lack a representative fossil record.

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Section: False Serpulids: Tubular Fossils Below the Precambriancambrimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6A), the most famous tube-building metazoan common in deposits of the terminal Neoproterozoic Ediacaran Period (549-541 Ma), has often been affiliated with serpulids (Germs, 1972;Glaessner, 1976;Hua et al, 2005). Tube morphology and microgranular ultrastructure ( fig.…”

Section: False Serpulids: Tubular Fossils Below the Precambriancambrimentioning

confidence: 99%

Written in stone: history of serpulid polychaetes through time

et al. 2014

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“…Glaessner 1976aGlaessner , 1976è, 1979. Certainly, some of these fossils might belong to a polychaete clade, but additional documentation is needed to resolve controversial findings.…”

Section: Fossil Poly Chae Tesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychaete systematics: Past and present

1997

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In this paper, we first demonstrate the historical background for the current unsatisfactory state of systematics of the polychaetes. We then briefly discuss our knowledge of internal and external structures. A review of the polychaete families makes up the third section; 81 families are treated in detail. Five families have been recently synonymized with others, and six families are too poorly known to be sufficiently characterized. Fossil polychaetes are briefly mentioned, with specific attention to problems associated with incorporating them in recent systematics.The traditional separation in 'errant' and 'sedentary' polychaetes has increasingly become recognized as being unsatisfactory; however, the current trend towards grouping the polychaetes in many orders without specifying the relationships among the orders, is no more satisfactory. The lack of consistent morphological information is a major source of uncertainty. Intensive morphological studies should remove terminological ambiguities and alleviate some of the problems.

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“…According to traditional point of view, Cloudina was closely related to annelids and especially to serpulids (GERMS, 1972;GLAESSNER, 1976). However, HAHN & PFLUG (1985) and CON-WAY MORRIS et al (1990) did not support GERM's and GLAESSNER's proposed relationships, and classified Cloudina just in its own family, Cloudinidae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inconsistencies in proposed annelid affinities of early biomineralized organism Cloudina (Ediacaran): structural and ontogenetic evidences

Vinn¹,

Zatoń²

2012

Carnets De Géologie (Notebooks on Geology)

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Cloudina, an important Ediacaran index fossil, is considered as one of the earliest biomineralizing organisms. Its biological affinities have not been fully resolved and phylogenetic links with both annelids and cnidarians have traditionally been suggested. Differences in tube morphology, ultrastructure and biomineralization suggest that Cloudina is not closely related to any recent skeletal annelid (e.g., serpulids, sabellids and cirratulids) and their skeletons are not homologous. The way of asexual reproduction in Cloudina resembles more that of cnidarians. The presence of a closed tube origin (base) in Cloudina is also compatible with the hypothesis of an animal of cnidarian grade.Key Words: Cloudina; Annelida; Serpulidae; Cnidaria; Ediacaran; biomineralization. Résumé : Incohérences dans les affinités supposées de l'organisme primitif biominéraliséCloudina (Ediacaran) avec les annélides : preuves relevant de la structure et du développe-ment ontogénétique.-Cloudina, un important fossile édiacarien, est considéré comme l'un des premiers organismes biomineralisés. Ses affinités biologiques n'ont pas encore été entièrement élucidées : des relations phylogénétiques avec les annélides et les cnidaires sont habituellement envisagées. Des différences dans la morphologie, l'ultrastructure et la biominéralisation du tube suggèrent que Cloudina ne puisse être étroitement apparentée à aucun squelette d'annélides actuelles, qu'il s'agisse de serpulidés, de sabellidés ou de cirratulidés ; leurs squelettes ne sont pas homologues. Le mode de reproduction asexuée de Cloudina ressemble davantage à celui des cnidaires. De plus, la configuration fermée de la partie initiale (proximale) du tube chez Cloudina est compatible avec l'hypothèse d'un animal de la catégorie des cnidaires.

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Early Phanerozoic annelid worms and their geological and biological significance

Cited by 75 publications

References 16 publications

Written in stone: history of serpulid polychaetes through time

Written in stone: history of serpulid polychaetes through time

Polychaete systematics: Past and present

Inconsistencies in proposed annelid affinities of early biomineralized organism Cloudina (Ediacaran): structural and ontogenetic evidences

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