Earth science and the integral climatic and socio-economic drivers of change across northern Eurasia: The NEESPI legacy and future direction

Soja, A. J.; Groisman, P. Y.

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aab834

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Water is the most influential resource in ecosystems and societies in arid and semi-arid areas (Chen et al 2013;Feng et al 2016;Jaeger et al 2017;Qi et al 2017). In drylands, the spatio-temporal distribution and availability of water resources have been the major focuses of terrestrial ecosystem studies at local, regional and global levels (Groisman et al 2017;Monier et al 2017;Soja and Groisman 2018). In terrestrial ecosystems, hydrological cycling is largely motivated through energy transfer because of the close coupling of water and heat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of changes in precipitation on energy and water balance in a Eurasian meadow steppe

et al. 2019

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Introduction: Water such as precipitation is the most critical environment driver of ecosystem processes and functions in semi-arid regions. Frequency and intensity of drought and transient waterlogging are expected to increase in the meadow steppe in northeastern China. Using a 4-year dataset of eddy covariance flux measurements, ground measurements of biomass, phenology, and meteorological conditions, we investigated the changes in energy fluxes at multiple temporal scales and under different precipitation regimes. Results: The meadow steppe was latent heat (LE) dominated when soil water content was > 0.3 m 3 m −3 , but switched to sensible heat (H) dominated status when soil water content fell below 0.3 m 3 m −3. LE dominated the energy exchange of the meadow grasslands on a yearly basis. Intensive precipitation had a profound impact on water-energy balance that could reduce the damages of drought by elevating deep soil moisture. The influence of LE on waterlogging depended on timing, with increased LE at the beginning of growing season and decreased LE after waterlogging. Spring and summer droughts resulted in different energy partitioning between latent and sensible heat energies, with spring drought dramatically decreased the LE fraction due to the change in water. In contrast, summer drought had little impact on LE due to the sufficient water input from large precipitation events at the beginning of the growing season. Conclusions: There existed great seasonal and interannual variabilities in energy balance and partitioning in the meadow steppe over the 4-year study period, which were strongly influenced by changes in precipitation. The water loss through latent heat was more sensitive to spring drought than to summer drought, while summer drought had negligible impact on LE. Waterlogging contributed to LE by enhancing its values during and after the waterlogged periods at the beginning of the growing season in a dry year, but lowering its value after the waterlogged periods in growing season.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of changes in precipitation on energy and water balance in a Eurasian meadow steppe

et al. 2019

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“…Thus, we recommend the continued development and deployment of sensors that could provide information on these properties, such as imaging spectroscopy, lidar, combined information from radar and radiometer L‐band, and high‐resolution dual‐frequency radar (e.g., L‐ and P‐bands) with adequate revisit frequency. We also recommend an increased focus on the Eurasian ABZ, which remains significantly understudied compared to North America (Soja & Groisman, , and references therein), as well as expanded and strategically placed in situ networks of vegetation properties and trace gas fluxes to better calibrate and extrapolate existing remotely sensed metrics across the boreal zone. Improving the spatial resolution of SIF observations should occur with the next generation of satellite missions, yet reducing uncertainties on the relationship with GPP requires improvements in temporal resolution.…”

Section: Observing Properties Of the Abz Landmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space‐Based Observations for Understanding Changes in the Arctic‐Boreal Zone

Duncan

Ott

Abshire

et al. 2020

Reviews of Geophysics

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Observations taken over the last few decades indicate that dramatic changes are occurring in the Arctic‐Boreal Zone (ABZ), which are having significant impacts on ABZ inhabitants, infrastructure, flora and fauna, and economies. While suitable for detecting overall change, the current capability is inadequate for systematic monitoring and for improving process‐based and large‐scale understanding of the integrated components of the ABZ, which includes the cryosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. Such knowledge will lead to improvements in Earth system models, enabling more accurate prediction of future changes and development of informed adaptation and mitigation strategies. In this article, we review the strengths and limitations of current space‐based observational capabilities for several important ABZ components and make recommendations for improving upon these current capabilities. We recommend an interdisciplinary and stepwise approach to develop a comprehensive ABZ Observing Network (ABZ‐ON), beginning with an initial focus on observing networks designed to gain process‐based understanding for individual ABZ components and systems that can then serve as the building blocks for a comprehensive ABZ‐ON.

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“…A more robust SAT forecast is also needed for sustainable development of the northern Eurasian territories and improving the resilience of the northern settlements, as stated in the research strategy of the North Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI) (http://www.neespi.org/NEFI-WhitePaper. pdf; Soja and Groisman 2018), the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) (https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/ peex/index.php; Lappalainen et al 2016) and in the Arctic Megatrends report (Karlsdóttir 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic errors in northern Eurasian short-term weather forecasts induced by atmospheric boundary layer thickness

Esau

Tolstykh

Fadeev

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Systematic errors in forecast near-surface air temperature (SAT) still constitute a considerable problem for numerical weather prediction (NWP) at high latitudes. Numerous studies in the past have attempted to reduce this problem through recalibration of physical parameterization schemes and better approximation of the surface energy budget. The errors, however, remain despite notable improvements in the overall weather forecast performance. This study looks at the problem from a different perspective. It analyzes asymmetries in the SAT forecast errors. The study reveals a statistical pattern of warm SAT biases under cold weather conditions and cold SAT biases under warm weather conditions. The largest errors were found in shallow atmospheric boundary layers (ABLs). The study attributes the problem to the modeled excessive ABL thickness in northern Eurasia (the NEFI region). The ABL thickness is considered as a scaling factor controlling the efficacy of the applied surface heating. Too thick an ABL damps the magnitude and agility of the SAT response. The study utilized the operational model SL-AV of the Russian Hydrometeorological Centre. Two turbulence schemes were evaluated in the northern European and western Siberian regions of Russia against observations from 73 meteorological stations. The pTKE (old) scheme is based on the local balance of the turbulence characteristics. The TOUCANS (new) scheme incorporated the total turbulence energy equations in an energy-flux balance approach. Neither scheme uses the ABL thickness as a prognostic parameter. The study reveals that the SAT errors are consistent with the damped response of temperature and reduced agility of temperature fluctuations in too thick ABLs. The TOUCANS scheme did not improve those features, probably because it links the turbulent fluxes and the ABL thickness. The SAT errors in shallow ABLs persist in the new scheme. This study emphasizes the need for a closer look at the ABL thickness in the NWP models.

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Earth science and the integral climatic and socio-economic drivers of change across northern Eurasia: The NEESPI legacy and future direction

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of changes in precipitation on energy and water balance in a Eurasian meadow steppe

Effects of changes in precipitation on energy and water balance in a Eurasian meadow steppe

Space‐Based Observations for Understanding Changes in the Arctic‐Boreal Zone

Systematic errors in northern Eurasian short-term weather forecasts induced by atmospheric boundary layer thickness

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