Ebola 2014 — New Challenges, New Global Response and Responsibility

Frieden, Thomas R.; Damon, Inger K.; Bell, Beth P.; Kenyon, Thomas; Nichol, Stuart T.

doi:10.1056/nejmp1409903

Cited by 215 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…After GOJO launched Purell® as the first commercial hand In the past few years, hand sanitizers have become increasingly common in the U.S., and most particularly among younger parents. Global threats such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Avian Flu, and the more recent H7N9 Swine Flu or Ebola have led to a surge in demand for hand sanitizers (Frieden, Damon, Bell, Kenyon, & Nichol, 2014). Once considered a fad for only those concerned with germ control and bacteria contamination, hand sanitizers are now commonly found in hospitals, care homes, government buildings, restaurants, supermarkets, and public restrooms (Jarvis, 1996).…”

Section: Hand Sanitizer History and Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting and explaining behavioral intention and hand sanitizer use among US Army soldiers

Lin

Roberts

2017

American Journal of Infection Control

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Many pathogenic microorganisms are spread by contaminated hands and may lead to foodborne illness. The use of hand sanitizers can significantly reduce bacterial contamination and is an efficient and inexpensive method to prevent infections and sickness. Previous researchers have found that the routine use of hand sanitizers allowed the U.S. Army to significantly reduce illness. However, few studies have been conducted within a U.S. Army dining facility, which is considered to be one of the primary sources of foodborne illness within the U.S. Army. Therefore, using the Theory of Planned Behavior, the purpose of this study was to identify the behavioral intention, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions of control of using hand sanitizer among military personnel.The study targeted soldiers using a written survey during their lunch hour on the U.S.Army base at Fort Riley, KS. A total of 201 surveys were collected. All data were screened and entered into IBM SPSS for analysis.Results indicated that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control explained 64% of the variance in behavioral intention. Attitude and subjective norms were found to be significant predictors of behavioral intention, with attitude being the strongest predictor.In general, behavioral beliefs were positive among soldiers. Related to normative beliefs, soldiers did perceive negative social pressure from other soldiers not to use hand sanitizers.Analysis of control beliefs found soldiers perceived hand sanitizers were readily available, but disliked their smell and feel after application.Food production managers and Army commanders can use these results to implement hand sanitation behavioral interventions within military dining environments. Practical implications will likely translate to reduced healthcare costs, decreased absenteeism rates, and improved mission readiness.Some of the limitations include commonly perceived social psychology bias. Further, clustered samples were collected within one military installation in a relatively short amount of time.

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Section: Hand Sanitizer History and Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting and explaining behavioral intention and hand sanitizer use among US Army soldiers

Lin

Roberts

2017

American Journal of Infection Control

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“…There is an urgent need for innovative local or national programs or projects implementation aiming at emerging epidemics and infectious diseases morbidity and mortality/fatality reduction or prevention; as well as on poverty and inequity alleviation within the vulnerable population and citizenry over time [3,4]. Building and maintaining new, proactive and productive partnerships and collaboration to public health needs and demands require new momentum and leadership commitments and investments efforts, which is currently poorly advocated and neglected by governments, policy-makers and programs implementers across Africa [2,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leveraging on multisectoral and intersectoral collaboration for greater health coverage and impact through income-generating actionable knowledge opportunities in sustainable livelihoods policy and programming financing and budgeting in health, disease and poverty reduction strategies that specific communities and health outcomes monitoring outlays [3,6,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence Decision-Making Policy Practice in Emerging Pandemics and Epidemics Threats Preparedness and Response Operations in Africa

Tambo¹,

Madjou²,

Khayeka–Wandabwa³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Quality evidence-based decisions and strategies are critical and valuable tools in strengthening health systems policies, strategic priorities action plans and comprehensive care delivery management. Our finding showed that there is scarcity of local/national and internal effective evidence-based and management strategies for informed decision making based on the disease or health epidemics nature, extend, ecological and geo-location of pandemics and epidemics crises burden and impacts. Evidence-based programs or projects are crucial in evolving pandemics and/or (Ebola, meningitis, Cholera and influenza) epidemics persistent morbidity and mortality/ case fatality reduction or prevention; as well as on poverty and inequity alleviation within the vulnerable population and citizenry over time. This paper assesses implications of evidencebased on health systems surveillance and monitoring systems, preparedness and emergency response gaps and needs in improving care delivery uptake and usefulness, coverage and effectiveness in Africa. Furthermore, the article advocates for quality, access to and uptake of knowledge-based policy-decision making and practice improvements in building efficient and standardized surveillance, preparedness and response approaches. Also, in enriching data sharing and inclusiveness through understanding the links between poverty, poor health and inequited related emerging infectious diseases epidemics in Africa. Leveraging on cumulative lessons learnt experiences and innovations in integrating participatory knowledge-based policies and approaches is paramount in fostering vulnerable population awareness and engagement, skills empowerment collaborative productivity and sustainable healthy solutions and measures.Strengthening new partnerships, alliances, and networks requires collaborative and quality evidence policy decisions, appropriate and reliable monitoring and evaluation systems approaches and strategies in improving local preparedness and emergency response capabilities against future emerging infectious diseases epidemics and fast-tracking poverty alleviation knowledge-based livelihoods and health solutions for impact. Furthermore, integrated, participative partnerships and collaborative responsibilities, cost effective and reliable evidence health financing and budget allocation, and targeted capacity development aiming at reducing and averting the burden of poverty related emerging threats and epidemics preparedness and response programs in African countries.Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 4

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“…Emergency response efforts in such settings seldom set the stage for a better and more resilient health system compared to the pre-disaster situation [1,2]. The ethical expectation would have been that emergency response efforts lead to a stronger and resilient health system that is not overwhelmed by shocks, but is able to continue to effectively provide services to the population at all times and improve health outcomes [3][4][5][6]. A resilient health system has been defined as one that has the ability to absorb disturbances or shocks, to adapt and respond with the provision of needed services [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting the Scene for Post-Ebola Health System Recovery and Resilience in Liberia: Lessons Learned and the Way Forward

Zolia¹,

Musa²,

Wesseh³

et al. 2017

Health Syst Policy Res

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Following the devastation caused by the 2014 Ebola outbreak in Liberia there remains much to be done for the health system to fully recover and become resilient against any future public health threat. Liberia is a post-conflict setting having experienced prolonged years of civil conflict that weakened the health system. With the decline in the incidence of new Ebola cases in late 2014 and the progressive draw down of the emergency and humanitarian response resources from early 2015, the government of Liberia moved to set the scene for the health system's recovery and resilience through the development of a comprehensive seven-year Investment Plan for building a resilient health system (2015-2021). The Plan aims to ensure universal health coverage, guarantee health security and improve health outcomes for the population of Liberia, while complementing the National Health Policy and Plan (2011-2021). The plan requires the investment of 1.7 billion US dollars over a period of seven years and realignments that the Government of Liberia alone does not currently have the capacity to undertake without long term external support. This paper describes the experience of Liberia in the development of the Investment Plan for building a resilient health system following the 2014-15 Ebola crisis, the approaches, process and realignments that were undertaken, lessons learned, and the way forward. It aims to provide lessons for countries recovering from crises, on how to manage their system recovery efforts.

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Ebola 2014 — New Challenges, New Global Response and Responsibility

Cited by 215 publications

References 2 publications

Predicting and explaining behavioral intention and hand sanitizer use among US Army soldiers

Predicting and explaining behavioral intention and hand sanitizer use among US Army soldiers

Evidence Decision-Making Policy Practice in Emerging Pandemics and Epidemics Threats Preparedness and Response Operations in Africa

Setting the Scene for Post-Ebola Health System Recovery and Resilience in Liberia: Lessons Learned and the Way Forward

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