EBV infected cells in the multiple sclerosis brain express PD-L1: How the virus and its niche may escape immune surveillance

Serafini, Barbara; Benincasa, Lucia; Rosicarelli, Barbara; Aloisi, Francesca

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578314

Journal of Neuroimmunology

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578314

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EBV infected cells in the multiple sclerosis brain express PD-L1: How the virus and its niche may escape immune surveillance

Barbara Serafini,

Lucia Benincasa,

Barbara Rosicarelli

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Infections and neurodegenerative diseases: A complex, still enigmatic connection

Aloisi,

De Chiara

2024

Journal of Neuroimmunology

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Infections and neurodegenerative diseases: A complex, still enigmatic connection

Aloisi,

De Chiara

2024

Journal of Neuroimmunology

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Broader anti-EBV TCR repertoire in multiple sclerosis: disease specificity and treatment modulation

Schneider-Hohendorf,

Wünsch,

Falk

et al. 2024

Brain

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has long been associated with the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS patients have elevated titers of EBV-specific antibodies in serum and show signs of CNS damage only after EBV infection. Regarding CD8+ T-cells, an elevated but ineffective response to EBV was suggested in MS patients, who present with a broader MHC-I-restricted EBV-specific T-cell receptor beta chain (TRB) repertoire compared to controls. It is not known whether this altered EBV response could be subject to dynamic changes, e.g., by approved MS therapies, and whether it is specific for MS. 1317 peripheral blood TRB repertoire samples of healthy donors (n=409), patients with MS (n=710) before and after treatment, patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (n=87), myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (n=64) and Susac’s syndrome (n=47) were analyzed. Apart from MS, none of the evaluated diseases presented with a broader anti-EBV TRB repertoire. In MS patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, EBV reactivation coincided with elevated MHC-I-restricted EBV-specific TRB sequence matches. Therapy with ocrelizumab, teriflunomide or dimethyl fumarate reduced EBV-specific, but not CMV-specific MHC-I-restricted TRB sequence matches. Together, this data suggests that the aberrant MHC-I-restricted T-cell response directed against EBV is specific to MS with regard to NMO, MOGAD and Susac’s Syndrome and that it is specifically modified by MS treatments interfering with EBV host cells or activated lymphocytes.

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EBV infected cells in the multiple sclerosis brain express PD-L1: How the virus and its niche may escape immune surveillance

Cited by 2 publications

References 71 publications

Infections and neurodegenerative diseases: A complex, still enigmatic connection

Infections and neurodegenerative diseases: A complex, still enigmatic connection

Broader anti-EBV TCR repertoire in multiple sclerosis: disease specificity and treatment modulation

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