Echinococcus multilocularis: immunity response to purified alkaline phosphatase in BALB/c mice

Issaadi, Nassima; Fraize, M.; Azzouz, S.; Pétavy, A. F.; Sarciron, Marie‐Elisabeth

doi:10.1007/s00436-005-0041-7

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…by facilitating cell-cell/ECM interactions), that EmTIP is shed off/released by fulfilling this function and then, as an ortholog of human TIP, is inevitably inducing Th1 polarization when acting on host CD4+ T-cells. In later stages of development, when parasite cell migration events are rather limited and/or the release of EmTIP is prevented by the developing germinal and laminated layers of the metacestode, both the Th2 polarizing activities [15], [17], [71] and the immunosuppressive capabilities [28], [72] of the metacestode products can then dominate the immunomodulatory activities of the parasite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EmTIP, a T-Cell Immunomodulatory Protein Secreted by the Tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis Is Important for Early Metacestode Development

2014

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BackgroundAlveolar echinococcosis (AE), caused by the metacestode of the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis, is a lethal zoonosis associated with host immunomodulation. T helper cells are instrumental to control the disease in the host. Whereas Th1 cells can restrict parasite proliferation, Th2 immune responses are associated with parasite proliferation. Although the early phase of host colonization by E. multilocularis is dominated by a potentially parasitocidal Th1 immune response, the molecular basis of this response is unknown.Principal FindingsWe describe EmTIP, an E. multilocularis homologue of the human T-cell immunomodulatory protein, TIP. By immunohistochemistry we show EmTIP localization to the intercellular space within parasite larvae. Immunoprecipitation and Western blot experiments revealed the presence of EmTIP in the excretory/secretory (E/S) products of parasite primary cell cultures, representing the early developing metacestode, but not in those of mature metacestode vesicles. Using an in vitro T-cell stimulation assay, we found that primary cell E/S products promoted interferon (IFN)-γ release by murine CD4+ T-cells, whereas metacestode E/S products did not. IFN-γ release by T-cells exposed to parasite products was abrogated by an anti-EmTIP antibody. When recombinantly expressed, EmTIP promoted IFN-γ release by CD4+ T-cells in vitro. After incubation with anti-EmTIP antibody, primary cells showed an impaired ability to proliferate and to form metacestode vesicles in vitro.ConclusionsWe provide for the first time a possible explanation for the early Th1 response observed during E. multilocularis infections. Our data indicate that parasite primary cells release a T-cell immunomodulatory protein, EmTIP, capable of promoting IFN-γ release by CD4+ T-cells, which is probably driving or supporting the onset of the early Th1 response during AE. The impairment of primary cell proliferation and the inhibition of metacestode vesicle formation by anti-EmTIP antibodies suggest that this factor fulfills an important role in early E. multilocularis development within the intermediate host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EmTIP, a T-Cell Immunomodulatory Protein Secreted by the Tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis Is Important for Early Metacestode Development

2014

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“… The comparison of the immune response showed an important immune response in mice immunized with purified alkaline phosphatase compared to mice immunized with the crude total antigen. 10 ( Issaadi et al, 2006 ) Em2 RIBI concanavalin A (Con A) 50

(s.c.) AKR C57B1/6J C57B1/10 50 E. multilocularis metacestode (i.p.) Resistance in C57B1/10 mice is associated with the ability of the host to synthesize antibodies to Em2 of the IgG3 and IgG1 isotype.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another study carried out by Issaadi et al on the mouse model, there was a considerable increase in IgG1 and IgG3 levels in subjects immunized with purified alkaline phosphatase and only IgM levels in those inoculated with crude antigens of E. multilocularis . Also, the levels of IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ were elevated in mice infected with pure alkaline phosphatase and crude antigen ( Issaadi et al, 2006 ). Concerning the use of crude antigens, Koguchi et al researched the use of SRf1, a glycoprotein component antigen, and cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) as an adjuvant to accelerate the development of vaccines for E. multilocularis in a dog model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and future prospects of Echinococcus multilocularis vaccine candidates: A systematic review

Hataminejad,

Anvari,

Khaleghi

et al. 2024

Veterinary and Animal Science

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Echinococcus multilocularis infection in the field vole (Microtus agrestis): an ecological model for studies on transmission dynamics

et al. 2015

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We propose a model involving the oral inoculation of Echinococcus multilocularis eggs in a vole species and examine the infection dynamics in a dose-response experiment. Defined doses, 100 (n = 8), 500 (n = 5) and 1000 (n = 5) of E. multilocularis eggs were used to inoculate Microtus agrestis. Four female C57BL/6j mice were inoculated with 1000 eggs as positive controls. The groups inoculated with 100 and 500 eggs exhibited significantly higher lesion numbers, and relatively smaller lesion size was observed in the 1000 dose group. Undetectable abortive lesions may be responsible for some form of resource limitation early in the infection, resulting in lower lesion counts and size in the 1000 dose group. The C57BL/6j mice exhibited significantly fewer lesions than M. agrestis. The feasibility of measuring corticosterone (which has been shown to downregulate Th1 cytokines) in rodent hair and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) production in spleen cells was demonstrated by a positive correlation between corticosterone levels and higher lesion counts and TNF production in C57BL/6j, respectively. These results suggest that M. agrestis is more prone to a Th2 immune response than C57BL/6j, which is associated with E. multilocularis susceptibility and may explain why the parasite develops more slowly in murine models. This is the first data to suggest that M. agrestis is capable of supporting E. multilocularis transmission and thus may be suited as a model to describe the infection dynamics in an intermediate host that affects transmission under natural conditions.

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Echinococcus multilocularis: immunity response to purified alkaline phosphatase in BALB/c mice

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

EmTIP, a T-Cell Immunomodulatory Protein Secreted by the Tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis Is Important for Early Metacestode Development

EmTIP, a T-Cell Immunomodulatory Protein Secreted by the Tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis Is Important for Early Metacestode Development

Current status and future prospects of Echinococcus multilocularis vaccine candidates: A systematic review

Echinococcus multilocularis infection in the field vole (Microtus agrestis): an ecological model for studies on transmission dynamics

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