Eco-Friendly Methodologies for the Synthesis of Quinoline Nucleus

Abstract

The quinoline nucleus is a very important class of heterocyclic aromatic compounds present in several drugs on the market, with synthetic methodologies being necessary to prepare its nucleus and derivatives. Considering that fact, the aim of this review is to describe the development of eco-friendly methodologies for the synthesis of quinoline nucleus and its derivatives in the last five years. Thus, throughout the text are presented varios reagents and catalysts used in the synthesis of quinoline nucleus, the reaction conditions, the advantages of the described methodologies, along with the reaction scheme and some reaction mechanisms.

Recent synthetic efforts in the preparation of 2-(3,4)-alkenyl (aryl) quinoline molecules towards anti-kinetoplastid agents

“…Interest in the synthesis and chemistry of quinoline derivatives is not lost in our modern times, on the contrary, new methods and protocols for new quinoline molecules are constantly developing. 167,168 Always looking for more versatile and sustainable protocols, this development is now strongly related to the implementation of the concepts of green chemistry. Today, green construction of these heterocyclic molecules is the responsibility of organic chemists.…”

Recent advances in the synthesis of biologically and pharmaceutically active quinoline and its analogues: a review

“…Until now the synthesis and modication of a quinoline scaffold and investigations to improve its biological and pharmaceutical activities have been continually developing. 65,66 Nowadays researchers are focused not only on the synthesis of quinoline and its derivatives but also on developing and designing eco-friendly reaction procedures. Typical metal-free, solvent-free, aqueous media and ionic liquid catalysed reactions are green protocols.…”

Regioselective Functionalization of Quinolines through C-H Activation: A Comprehensive Review

“…However, these conventional quinolines syntheses suffer from several drawbacks such as harsh conditions, limited substrate scope, poor functional group tolerance, long reaction time, toxic solvents and low yields. In the last decades, tremendous work has been achieved to develop cleaner and safer pathways for their synthesis [ 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ] and functionalization [ 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. This need for greener conditions meets the C-H activation concept that has just revolutionized the field of organic synthesis [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 ].…”