Eco-Friendly Principles on the Extraction of Humic Acids Intensification from Biosubstrates

Abstract

It is necessary to find innovative ways to improve the environmental performance of production processes and products. The technology of extracting valuable components from raw materials of plant origin is often used in technological processes of the food, pharmaceutical, chemical and other industries. Extraction is the most energy intensive step. The factors contributing to the extraction of humic acids from plant substrates under the action of electric discharge were studied. The purpose of the work was to study the efficiency of humic acids extraction from the biosubstrate under the action of electric discharges. The physical experiment showed that the main factor influencing the intensity of extraction is the degree of grinding of the solid phase of the biosubstrate-water suspension. The efficiency of electric discharge grinding depends on the pressure amplitude at the distance of the inner radius of the chamber and the number of discharge pulses. It was established that the number of chemical reagents (alkalis), usually used in the process of extracting humic acids from peat, can be reduced many times due to the appearance of radicals and peroxide compounds in the peat-water suspension resulting from the action of an electric discharge. The prospects of the non-thermal electric discharge method of intensification of the extraction of humic acids from biosubstrates were determined.

Optimizing Energy Efficiency of Dielectric Materials’ Electrodischarge Dispersion as One Sustainable Development Green Trend

“…This variant provides the pressure level at the compression wave front on the side wall of the reactor, Pm ≥ 16 MPa (Figure 3b). The data we obtained as a result of mathematical modeling in terms of determining the pressure at the shock wave front coincide well with the data in the article [2], which describes direct measurements of the pressure at the shock wave front generated by electrical discharges in a liquid with electrical circuit parameters close to those discussed by us.…”

“…This condition was accepted by us as sufficient for evaluation, since this indicator of the mechanical strength of brown coal is not stable. The electrical circuit of the experimental stand was built according to [2]. One can change the operating voltage across the discharge gap from 35 up to 50 kV; the capacitance of the storage block varied from 0.1 to 1 µF; the length of the working gap can be adjusted from 32 to 46 mm.…”

“…The inclusion of energy factors in the system of international assessments is a rapidly growing worldwide trend in the development of the world economy. Increasing the energy efficiency of production processes is closely related to minimizing the impact on the environment and is one of the priorities of the concept of sustainable development [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8], energy modeling [9][10][11][12][13], and digital technologies [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. The focus of attention in this study was the processes of electric discharge in liquids with respect to modern green trends in the development of science and production, in particular, the search for parameters to optimize the energy efficiency of these processes [12,13,[32][33][34][35][36].…”

Development of method for frequency regulation of output current in high-voltage transformerless resonant chargers of capacitive energy storage devices

“…High-voltage transformerless resonance chargers (TlRC) of capacitive energy storage devices (CESD) [2] can become an effective alternative to existing installations for testing the electrical strength of high-voltage cables with a rectified voltage of 70 kV. They could also be used instead of traditional chargers with step-up transformers in systems of electric discharge impulse processing of materials [3,4]. As shown in [2], such systems will make it possible to significantly reduce the mass and dimensions of capacitor chargers and test facilities based on them.…”

Mechanism and Synergy Effect of the Hybrid Water Disinfection Process Using Electric Discharges Combined with Chlorination

“…Plasma water treatment technologies also include its treatment using electric discharges, which are one of the simplest ways to create plasma states of matter. The phenomena accompanying this can be used to intensify chemical and technological processes in water treatment systems, including the inactivation of microorganisms [17][18][19][20][21]. The use of physical factors, such as electrical discharges, could reduce the concentration of chemical disinfectants required and prevent the formation of harmful by-products.…”