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Wetlands are influenced by alteration of hydrological regimes induced by climate changes and anthropogenic activities, affecting their structure and function. Resilience of wetlands under different hydrological status remains uncertain, which will bring risk of wetland to help address the changes. This study employed the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and early warning indicators to quantify wetland resilience across different climatic zones, and compared the resilience of intermittent and permanent wetlands. Furthermore, shift of wetland resilience were explained using the related meteorological variables. The results showed: (i) wetland resilience, validated between theoretical and empirical recovery rates, showed greater reliability in lag-one autocorrelation calculations (theoretical method), which were used to simulate wetland resilience across Northeast China; (ii) wetland resilience showed obvious geographical distribution trends along the climate regimes, increased from arid to humid regimes; (iii) resilience of permanently inundated wetland showed significantly higher than that of intermittently inundated wetland under same climate regimes, indicating hydrological regimes play a vital role in affecting wetland integrity; and (iv) alteration of wetland resilience were elucidated by assuming that water, energy, and air temperature control wetland integrity. That is to say and that factors such air temperature and radiation interacts with hydrological regimes to affect the wetland habitat. Alteration of wetland resilience bring a new insight in wetland response to exogenous disturbances and the capacity for self-sustained stabilization, which will help address impacts climate changes and anthropogenic activities.
Wetlands are influenced by alteration of hydrological regimes induced by climate changes and anthropogenic activities, affecting their structure and function. Resilience of wetlands under different hydrological status remains uncertain, which will bring risk of wetland to help address the changes. This study employed the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and early warning indicators to quantify wetland resilience across different climatic zones, and compared the resilience of intermittent and permanent wetlands. Furthermore, shift of wetland resilience were explained using the related meteorological variables. The results showed: (i) wetland resilience, validated between theoretical and empirical recovery rates, showed greater reliability in lag-one autocorrelation calculations (theoretical method), which were used to simulate wetland resilience across Northeast China; (ii) wetland resilience showed obvious geographical distribution trends along the climate regimes, increased from arid to humid regimes; (iii) resilience of permanently inundated wetland showed significantly higher than that of intermittently inundated wetland under same climate regimes, indicating hydrological regimes play a vital role in affecting wetland integrity; and (iv) alteration of wetland resilience were elucidated by assuming that water, energy, and air temperature control wetland integrity. That is to say and that factors such air temperature and radiation interacts with hydrological regimes to affect the wetland habitat. Alteration of wetland resilience bring a new insight in wetland response to exogenous disturbances and the capacity for self-sustained stabilization, which will help address impacts climate changes and anthropogenic activities.
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