Ecological and Physiological Studies on Soil Fungi at Western Region, Libya

Abstract

Sixty three species and 5 varieties belonging to 30 fungal genera were collected from 75 soil samples. Cultivated (29 genera and 58 species + 5 var.), desert (22 and 35 + 2 var.) and saline soil (21 and 41 + 1 var.) fungi were recovered on glucose-, cellulose- and 50% sucrose-Czapek's agar at 28℃. The most common genera were Alternaria, Aspergillus, Emericella, Fusarium, Mycosphaerella, Nectria and Penicillium. The most prevalent species from the three types of soils on the three types of media were Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. terreus, Emericella nidulans, Fusarium oxysporum, Mycosphaerella tassiana, Nectria haematococca and Penicillium chrysogenum. Chaetomium globosum was in the top of fungi in producing endo-β-1,4-glucanases among the 42 tested isolates obtained from soils on cellulose-Czapek's agar. Maximum production of this enzyme by C. globosum obtained after 6 days of incubation at 30℃ with culture medium containing maltose as a carbon source and ammonium nitrate as a nitrogen source and pH initially adjusted to 6.

Screening of potential IL-tolerant cellulases and their efficient saccharification of IL-pretreated lignocelluloses

“…T. reesei, 38 Talaromyces verruculosus, 39 and Chaetomium globosum. 40 It was reported that good CMCase activity was observed with Penicillium funiculosum (pH 4.82), Penicillium citrinum (pH 5.5), Penicillium chrysogenum (pH 5.0), and Aspergillus niger (pH 5.0). [41][42][43][44] As reported, lamentous fungi have reasonably good growth over a broad range of pH 2-9, with an optimal range of 3.8 to 6.0.…”

Biochemical characterization and synergism of cellulolytic enzyme system from Chaetomium globosum on rice straw saccharification

“…The preference for acidic pH for production of cellulase and other lignocellulose degrading enzymes has been reported for most cellulase producing ascomycetes fungi e.g. T. reesei [23], A. cellulolyticus [24], and C. globosum [25]. This preference is related to pH for optimal growth and catalytic activity of the enzymes.…”

Seasonal variation of air, soil and leaf surface fungi of broad bean and cellulolytic ability in Upper Egypt

“…*OR= Occurrence remarks: H = high occurrence from 6-10 cases, M = moderate occurrence from 3-5cases, L= low occurrence 2 cases and R = rare occurrence 1 case. with different numbers and frequencies from various soils in many places of the world by several workers (Abdel-Hafez et al, 1990;Moubasher and Mazen, 1991;Abdel-Hafez, 1994;Karl andIain, 2004 andSaleem, 2008).…”

“…They reported that the optimum pH for cellulase production was 6 to 7 and optimum temperature was about 40°C. El Said and Saleem (2008) found that maximum production of endo-ß-1,4 glucanase by Cheatomium globosum was achieved 6 days after incubation at 30°C with incorporation of maltose as carbon source and NH 4 NO 3 as nitrogen source in the culture medium which is initially adjusted to pH 6. Recently Saleem et al (2013) found that maximum production of exo-and endo-ß-1,4 glucanase by Mucor circinelloides and A. flavus was achieved 6 days after incubation at 30°C with incorporation of fructose or sucrose as a sole carbon source and potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate as a sole nitrogen source, respectively in the basal medium initially adjusted to pH 6.…”

“…Numerous investigations have been carried out on fungal flora of leaf surface, soil fungi and air borne fungi of several plants cultivated in many parts of the world by several researchers (Abdel-Hafez et al, 1990, 2003Blakeman, 1991;Khallil and Abdel-Sater, 1993;ElKholl et al, 1994;El-Said, 1994, 2001El-Said et al, 2006;El-Said and Saleem 2008;Gunasekera, 2004;Moharram et al, 2004Moharram et al, , 2010Murace and Cellitin, 2005;Saleem et al, 2010Saleem et al, , 2013.…”