Ecological Zones Rather Than Molecular Forms Predict Genetic Differentiation in the Malaria VectorAnopheles gambiaes.s. in Ghana

Yawson, Alexander Egyir; Weetman, David; Wilson, Michael D.; Donnelly, Martin J.

doi:10.1534/genetics.106.065888

Cited by 47 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…gambiae versus An. arabiensis comparisons; 2) most markers were already used successfully in unraveling intraspeciÞc spatial differentiation patterns (Donnelly and Townson 2000, Onyabe and Conn 2001, Yawson et al 2007; and 3) sample sizes were similar to previously published studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Population Genetic Structure of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis in Niger

Czeher

Labbo

Vieville

et al. 2010

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The increasing usage of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets allows protection of millions of people from malaria infection. Monitoring studies should be planned during any wide-scale malaria control program integrating insecticide-treated materials, to evaluate their effects and effectiveness on epidemiologically relevant parameters. Such operational control interventions may be challenged by insecticide resistance spread within vector populations, as a result of wide insecticide pressure. A nationwide distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets was implemented throughout Niger in 2005. We studied the population genetic structure of major malaria vectors across Nigerien Sahel, and investigated potential effects of this large malaria control intervention. Wild-caught Anopheles gambiae sensu lato females from seven villages and two wet seasons were genotyped at 12 microsatellite loci. The genetic diversity within both species appeared homogenous between villages and years. The estimated genetic differentiation among samples was very low within both species, indicating high gene flow across the area. An absence of differentiation was also found between 2005 and 2006 wet seasons, for all samples but one, showing that the net distribution did not impact significantly the genetic diversity and structure of vector populations in a single year. We provide valuable results participating to document effects of large malaria control programs, to maximize the efficiency of available tools in future interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Population Genetic Structure of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis in Niger

Czeher

Labbo

Vieville

et al. 2010

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“…For example a recent paper by Yawson et al (2007) concluded that ecological barriers are more important to gene flow in Anopheles gambiae than geographical distance. Different genotypes may have different vector competencies, resulting in different disease incidences and hence priorities for mosquito or wetland management.…”

Section: Malariamentioning

confidence: 99%

Wetlands and mosquitoes: a review

Dale

Knight

2008

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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This review brings together information on mosquitoes, the diseases they transmit and the wetlands that provide habitats for the immature stages (eggs and larvae). Wetland values are mentioned, though the main literature on this does not generally overlap the mosquito issue. Mosquito management is overviewed to include: the use of larvicides, source reduction in intertidal wetlands and management in freshwater systems. There is not a great deal of information on mosquitoes and freshwater systems, except for constructed wetlands and they are considered separately. We then consider restoration mainly in the context of wetlands that have been the subject of habitat modification for mosquito control. Land use and climate change, as they affect mosquitoes and the diseases they transmit, are also reviewed, as this will affect wetlands via management activities. Finally the review addresses the critical issue of balancing health, both human and environmental, in an adaptive framework. It concludes that there is a need to ensure that both mosquito and wetland management communicate and integrate to sustain wetland and human health.

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“…The M and S molecular forms of An. gambiae s.s. represent incipient species (e.g., (Coluzzi et al 1985, Toure et al 1998, della Torre et al 2001, Favia et al 2001, Gentile et al 2001, Mukabayire et al 2001, Lehmann et al 2003, Turner et al 2005), but see (Lanzaro et al 1998, Yawson et al 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Alternative Mating Strategies in Anopheles gambiae: Does Mating Occur Indoors?

Dao¹,

Adamou²,

Yaro³

et al. 2008

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Mating in Anopheles gambiae has been observed only in outdoor swarms. Here we evaluate if mating also occurs indoors. Mark release recapture of virgin males and females in natural houses showed that mating occurred over a single day even when mosquitoes can leave the house through exit traps and without adaptation to laboratory conditions. In these experiments, insemination rate in the M molecular form of An. gambiae (and An. arabiensis) was higher than that of the S form (15% vs. 6%). Under these conditions, smaller females of the M form mated more frequently than larger females of that form. Sampling mosquitoes throughout the day showed that both sexes enter houses around sunrise and leave around sunset, staying indoors together from dawn to dusk. In an area dominated by the M form, the daily rate of insemination in samples from exit traps was approximately 5% higher than in those from entry traps, implying that mating occurred indoors. Importantly, frequency of cross mating between the molecular forms was as high as that between members of the same form, indicating that indoors - assortative mating breaks down. Altogether, these results suggest that indoor mating is an alternative mating strategy of the M molecular form of An. gambiae. Because naturally occurring mating couples have not yet been observed indoors, this conclusion awaits validation.

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Ecological Zones Rather Than Molecular Forms Predict Genetic Differentiation in the Malaria VectorAnopheles gambiaes.s. in Ghana

Cited by 47 publications

References 43 publications

Population Genetic Structure of <I>Anopheles gambiae</I> and <I>Anopheles arabiensis</I> in Niger

Population Genetic Structure of <I>Anopheles gambiae</I> and <I>Anopheles arabiensis</I> in Niger

Wetlands and mosquitoes: a review

Assessment of Alternative Mating Strategies in <I>Anopheles gambiae</I>: Does Mating Occur Indoors?

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