Economic burden and cost determinants of coronary heart disease in rural southwest China: a multilevel analysis

Zhang

et al. 2019

INQUIRY

In large proportions of rural areas in many developing countries, health care delivery system is less developed and is less likely to be equipped to conduct sophisticated treatment for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients locally. This study aims at describing the status quo of and exploring factors associated with hospitalization costs of CHD in township hospitals where only drug therapy was available for CHD conditions. We collected data of inpatients with CHD from discharge records from 10 township hospitals in rural Liaoning from December 2013 to December 2014. We used multilevel linear regression to analyze the factors associated with CHD hospitalization costs. A total of 4635 inpatients were included in the analysis. We found that the average hospitalization costs were 6249.97 RMB (US$1012.47) with the average of 8.89 days of hospitalization in township hospitals in Liaoning. Age, gender, length of stay, the number of times of admissions, by which route was hospitalized, and type of CHD were all the factors significantly associated with hospitalization costs of CHD in township hospitals. The factors associated with hospitalization costs of CHD in township hospitals in rural China showed some different features from the existing studies. When the government designs the related policy, the policy makers need to consider the specific feature of hospitalization costs of CHD in township hospitals in rural areas.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Hospitalization Costs of Coronary Heart Disease in Township Hospitals in Rural China

Zhang

et al. 2019

INQUIRY

J. Manaj. dan Pelayanan Farm.

“…The burden of medical cost that needed in health system for patient with coronary heart disease is enormous [1][2][3][4] . Analysis related to the bill that patient with coronary heart disease and heart failure should pay was carried out in China and Korea, and the result is about US$ 17 million and US$ 2.52 trillion in a row 1,2 . Direct medical cost is a biggest component in the analysis that carried out in both countries 1,2 .…”

Section: Direct Medical Cost Analysis Among Coronary Heart Disease Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis related to the bill that patient with coronary heart disease and heart failure should pay was carried out in China and Korea, and the result is about US$ 17 million and US$ 2.52 trillion in a row 1,2 . Direct medical cost is a biggest component in the analysis that carried out in both countries 1,2 . In detail, the burden of indirect cost that must be borne by Korean government related to coronary heart problem are as follows: Economic burden due to productivity loss; 33,6%, transportation (8,1%), and informal caregiver cost; 4.9%) 2 .…”

Section: Direct Medical Cost Analysis Among Coronary Heart Disease Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Medical Cost Analysis Among Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure Outpatients at One Hospital

Kumalasari

Rahem

Presley

et al. 2019

Long-term treatment of cardiovascular disease may give impact in a high burden of medical cost for the patient. A concern arises whether the health budget allocation prepared by the Indonesian Government through "Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional" program is enough to cover medical cost for the outpatient treatment. This study aims to calculate the direct medical cost of patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure and compare it with the Indonesian Case Base Groups (INA-CBGs) tariff. This is a prospective and observational study carried out in one of the public hospitals in East Java between February and April 2015. All data related to outpatients with coronary heart disease and heart failure were analysed. Direct medical cost analysis in this study calculated from a combination of cost of medication, health professional services, electrocardiography, emergency care services, and laboratory test component, then it was compared with INA-CBGs tariff from ICD 10. Total of 390 patients included were 387 patients with coronary heart disease (99.23%) and three (3) patients with heart failure (0.77%). Average direct medical cost for patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure were IDR 130.593,6 (range IDR 50.282 – IDR 385.911) and IDR 128.587 (range IDR 112.832 – IDR 140.103), respectively. Even though this study showed that budget allocation of INA-CBGs could cover the average direct medical cost of patients with both of diseases, some patients had a direct medical cost higher than the limit of INA-CBGs allocation. Therefore, an optimal interprofessional collaboration between physician and pharmacist needed to provide medical treatment based on patient needs and keep it within budget allocation range.

“…[ 1 , 2 ] In China, the prevalence and mortality of CHD have increased year by year, [ 3 – 6 ] with the aging of the global population, the incidence of CHD rises year by year. CHD causing serious economic and social burden, [ 7 , 8 ] has become a major public health problem in the world. [ 9 – 11 ] CHD is still the number one cause of death worldwide, exceeding the sum of all tumor causes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guipi decoction for coronary heart disease

et al. 2020