Ecosystem effects and the management of petroleum-contaminated soils on subantarctic islands

Errington, Ingrid; King, Catherine K.; Wilkins, Daniel; Spedding, Tim; Hose, Grant C.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.157

Cited by 42 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Under the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty System, nations operating in Antarctica have a responsibility to ensure effective remediation of historical waste and to prevent further contamination (ATCM, 1991). Yet little progress in the remediation of historical waste has been made (Filler et al, 2015), with some exceptions (Errington et al, 2018;Snape et al, 2001;Stark et al, 2006), and routine monitoring of contamination and impacts is lacking (Braun et al, 2012;Hughes, 2010). A Clean-Up Manual has been developed to provide practical advice to national Antarctic programs about environmental management practices (CEP, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic toxicity of an environmentally relevant and equitoxic ratio of five metals to two Antarctic marine microalgae shows complex mixture interactivity

Koppel

Adams

King

et al. 2018

Environmental Pollution

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Metal contaminants are rarely present in the environment individually, yet environmental quality guidelines are derived from single-metal toxicity data. Few metal mixture studies have investigated more than binary mixtures and many are at unrealistically high effect concentrations to freshwater organisms. This study investigates the toxicity of five metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) to the Antarctic marine microalgae Phaeocystis antarctica and Cryothecomonas armigera. Two mixtures were tested: (i) an equitoxic mixture of contaminants present at their single-metal EC10 concentrations, and (ii) an environmental mixture based on the ratio metal concentrations in a contaminated Antarctic marine bay. Observed toxicity, as chronic population growth rate inhibition, was compared to Independent Action (IA) and Concentration Addition (CA) predictions parameterised to use EC10 values. This allowed for the inclusion of metals with low toxicities. The biomarkers chlorophyll a fluorescence, cell size and complexity, and intracellular lipid concentrations were assessed to investigate possible mechanisms behind metal-mixture interactions. Both microalgae had similar responses to the equitoxic mixture: non-interactive by IA and antagonistic by CA. Toxicity from the environmental mixture was antagonistic by IA to P. antarctica; however, to C. armigera it was concentration-dependent with antagonism at low toxicities and synergism at high toxicities by both IA and CA. Differences in dissolved organic carbon production and detoxification mechanisms may be responsible for these responses and warrants further investigation. This study shows that mixture toxicity interactions can be ratio, species, and concentration dependent. The responses of the microalgae to different mixture ratios highlight the need to assess toxicity at environmentally realistic metal ratios. Parameterising IA and CA reference models to use EC10s allowed for the inclusion of metals at low effect concentrations, which may otherwise be ignored. Reference mixture models are generally suitable for predicting chronic toxicity of metals to these marine microalgae at environmentally realistic ratios and concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic toxicity of an environmentally relevant and equitoxic ratio of five metals to two Antarctic marine microalgae shows complex mixture interactivity

Koppel

Adams

King

et al. 2018

Environmental Pollution

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“…pollution has antagonistically influenced the biological system, food chain and is of significant ecological concern in the Niger Delta area [5,6]. These results to loss of biodiversity mostly observed as destruction to ecosystem, flora and fauna performance and therefore have been a crucial issue for environmental scientists throughout the last decades [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Both the environment and humans are exposed to danger by this hydrocarbon pollution [13].…”

Section: Petroleummentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Population Dynamics Associated with Active-phase of Hydrocarbon Degradation in Oil-polluted Soil

Okoye

Chikere

Okpokwasili

2019

JAMB

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Fungal population dynamics was monitored in an oil-polluted soil undergoing remediation by enhanced natural attenuation (RENA) at Ibaa, Emohua L. G. A. Rivers State. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined from baseline [pre-RENA (POL B)] and sampling days 0 (POL 0), 9 (POL 9), 18 (POL 18), 36 (POL 36) and day 56 (POL 56)] using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry. The baseline TPH and PAHs were 9,146.65 ppm and 3,454.10 ppm in the polluted soil (pre-RENA) and 479.67 ppm and 279.72 ppm for unpolluted soil (pristine control) respectively. By day 56, percentages of contaminants degradation were 97% and 89% for TPH and PAHs respectively. Higher counts for both heterotrophic fungal (THF) counts and culturable hydrocarbon utilizing fungal (HUF) counts were obtained on day 36 with values of 5.6 x 105 cfu/g and 4.77 x 106 cfu/g respectively. Out of the 47 HUF isolated and characterized, 34 hydrocarbon utilizing fungi were isolated in the active phase between day 9 (POL 9) to day 36 (POL 36). These recovered hydrocarbon degrading fungal isolates associated with the active phase of hydrocarbon degradation (Mucor sp., Malbranchia sp., Prototheca sp., Cladosporium spp., Trichosporon sp., Acremonium spp., Rhizomucor spp.). RENA treatment effectively reduced the pollutant levels in the impacted soil.

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“…Therefore, fuel spills in these environments may be more damaging and ecosystem recovery slower than in temperate regions (Raymond et al ). World Heritage–listed subantarctic Macquarie Island (Tasmania, Australia) has a number of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sites that the Australian government is remediating (Rayner et al ; Errington, King, Wilkins et al ). The majority of the contaminated sites are located around fuel storage and power generation structures with the primary contaminant being Special Antarctic Blend (SAB) diesel, a light diesel comprised of alkanes in the range n ‐C 9–14 peaking at around n ‐C 12 , with trace amounts of n ‐C 15–23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the Native Springtail Parisotoma insularis to Diesel Fuel–Contaminated Soils Under Field‐Realistic Exposure Conditions at Subantarctic Macquarie Island

Mooney

Wasley

Raymond

et al. 2019

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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A number of sites contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons from past fuel spills are currently undergoing remediation on subantarctic Macquarie Island (under the jurisdiction of Tasmania, Australia). To assess the environmental risks these spills pose, and to establish remediation targets and guideline values, toxicity data for a range of native biota are required. The availability of data for local biota is limited, especially for soil invertebrates, which are critical to soil health. To examine the response of naturally occurring soil invertebrate communities to fuel contamination, intact soil cores from a range of soil types were collected along an organic carbon (OC) gradient. Organic carbon was factored into the toxicity assessment due to its toxicity‐modifying potential. Soil cores were spiked with Special Antarctic Blend diesel, to mimic a fresh fuel spill at the soil surface. Springtails were the most abundant taxa, with the community heavily dominated by the native species Parisotoma insularis. This species was sensitive to fuel contamination (EC20 48 mg/kg, CI 5–188), irrespective of soil organic content. This study is the first to derive critical effect concentrations (CECs) for a subantarctic springtail species and provides important data that will be incorporated into future derivation of site‐specific soil quality guideline values for fuels for Macquarie Island soils and the broader subantarctic region. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;15:565–574. © 2019 SETAC

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Ecosystem effects and the management of petroleum-contaminated soils on subantarctic islands

Cited by 42 publications

References 52 publications

Chronic toxicity of an environmentally relevant and equitoxic ratio of five metals to two Antarctic marine microalgae shows complex mixture interactivity

Chronic toxicity of an environmentally relevant and equitoxic ratio of five metals to two Antarctic marine microalgae shows complex mixture interactivity

Fungal Population Dynamics Associated with Active-phase of Hydrocarbon Degradation in Oil-polluted Soil

Response of the Native Springtail Parisotoma insularis to Diesel Fuel–Contaminated Soils Under Field‐Realistic Exposure Conditions at Subantarctic Macquarie Island

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