Ecosystem services can promote conservation over conversion and protect local biodiversity, but these local win-wins can be a regional disaster

Faith, Daniel P.

doi:10.7882/az.2014.031

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Weaknesses included the need for better justification of the choice of environmental variables. Subsequent work developed a combined approach based on biotic and environmental variables and revisited the study to include ecosystem services (Faith 2014).…”

Section: Conservation Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Case studies of conservation plans that incorporate geodiversity

Anderson

Comer

Beier

et al. 2015

Conservation Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Geodiversity has been used as a surrogate for biodiversity when species locations are unknown, and this utility can be extended to situations where species locations are in flux. Recently, scientists have designed conservation networks that aim to explicitly represent the range of geophysical environments, identifying a network of physical stages that could sustain biodiversity while allowing for change in species composition in response to climate change. Because there is no standard approach to designing such networks, we compiled 8 case studies illustrating a variety of ways scientists have approached the challenge. These studies show how geodiversity has been partitioned and used to develop site portfolios and connectivity designs; how geodiversity-based portfolios compare with those derived from species and communities; and how the selection and combination of variables influences the results. Collectively, they suggest 4 key steps when using geodiversity to augment traditional biodiversity-based conservation planning: create land units from species-relevant variables combined in an ecologically meaningful way; represent land units in a logical spatial configuration and integrate with species locations when possible; apply selection criteria to individual sites to ensure they are appropriate for conservation; and develop connectivity among sites to maintain movements and processes. With these considerations, conservationists can design more effective site portfolios to ensure the lasting conservation of biodiversity under a changing climate.

show abstract

Section: Conservation Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Case studies of conservation plans that incorporate geodiversity

Anderson

Comer

Beier

et al. 2015

Conservation Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…My extended analysis of the PNG case study suggests that such neglect may have unfortunate consequences -focusing only on localised values of nature for conservation (e.g., in WMAs) may not effectively address regional/global scale conservation needs. The PNG integrative case study may provide a useful exemplar to communicate the challenges involved in a broad conservation framing that considers not only global biodiversity values but also many other values related to nature (see also [6,19]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Singular Concept of Biodiversity Remains the Best Way to Address the Plural Values of Nature in Conservation Planning

Faith

2021

Conservation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The term “biodiversity” generally refers to living variation. Biodiversity has recognized anthropocentric values of insurance and investment. Values of “nature” include those of biodiversity and also many other aspects reflecting the scope of human-nature relationships. Systematic conservation planning methods can integrate this range of local to global values. Early case studies in Australia and Papua New Guinea show the potential for such approaches. Recently, there have been calls for a recasting of the concept of biodiversity to capture plurality of values. However, balance among sometimes conflicting values of nature is best-served by a singular biodiversity concept and definition focused on variety, because this enables effective integration with other values of nature. Attempts at pluralistic recastings of biodiversity in fact may promote neglect of global biodiversity values. Further, an extended analysis of the Papua New Guinea case study shows that it cannot be argued that focusing on localized values of nature for conservation will effectively address regional/global scale conservation needs.

show abstract

Confronting and resolving competing values behind conservation objectives

Karp

Mendenhall

Callaway

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diverse motivations for preserving nature both inspire and hinder its conservation. Optimal conservation strategies may differ radically depending on the objective. For example, creating nature reserves may prevent extinctions through protecting severely threatened species, whereas incentivizing farmland hedgerows may benefit people through bolstering pest-eating or pollinating species. Winwin interventions that satisfy multiple objectives are alluring, but can also be elusive. To achieve better outcomes, we developed and implemented a practical typology of nature conservation framed around seven common conservation objectives. Using an intensively studied bird assemblage in southern Costa Rica as a case study, we applied the typology in the context of biodiversity's most pervasive threat: habitat conversion. We found that rural habitats in a varied tropical landscape, comprising small farms, villages, forest fragments, and forest reserves, provided biodiversity-driven processes that benefit people, such as pollination, seed dispersal, and pest consumption. However, species valued for their rarity, endemism, and evolutionary distinctness declined in farmland. Conserving tropical forest on farmland increased species that international tourists value, but not species discussed in Costa Rican newspapers. Despite these observed trade-offs, our analyses also revealed promising synergies. For example, we found that maintaining forest cover surrounding farms in our study region would likely enhance most conservation objectives at minimal expense to others. Overall, our typology provides a framework for resolving the competing objectives of modern conservation.agriculture | bird | conservation | ecosystem services | multifunctionality F or at least the last century (1, 2), there has been fierce debate over whether nature should be conserved primarily to benefit people or for its own sake. Recently, conservation scientists and practitioners have called for the adoption of a more holistic and inclusive conservation ethic that accepts diverse motivations for conservation (3). In practice, however, limited funding and resources precipitate conflict between individuals and institutions with different motivations for conserving nature. Such conflicts often arise because the best intervention for achieving a chosen conservation objective may fail to achieve another. For example, the influential "biodiversity hotspots" concept directs conservation resources to areas with high rates of habitat loss and high densities of endemic species (4). But hotspots could be delineated using criteria related to virtually any conservation objective. Targeting conservation efforts only on hotspots of extinction or endemism could overlook other species and ecosystems that deliver vital benefits to people (e.g., wetlands that purify water and mitigate floods) (5, 6; but see ref. 7).Because conservationists have disparate and diverse values (8), measuring trade-offs is critical. A typology of conservation objectives could help identify trade-offs...

show abstract

Ecosystem services can promote conservation over conversion and protect local biodiversity, but these local win-wins can be a regional disaster

Cited by 4 publications

References 54 publications

Case studies of conservation plans that incorporate geodiversity

Case studies of conservation plans that incorporate geodiversity

A Singular Concept of Biodiversity Remains the Best Way to Address the Plural Values of Nature in Conservation Planning

Confronting and resolving competing values behind conservation objectives

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About