Ecosystem services from forest restoration: thinking ahead

Ciccarese, L.; Mattsson, Anders; Pettenella, D.

doi:10.1007/s11056-012-9350-8

Cited by 117 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Reforesting degraded lands in the tropics, such as abandoned cattle pastures, has the potential to restore ecosystem services and biodiversity (Martinez-Garza and Howe 2003;Ciccarese et al 2012). Tree plantations are often promoted as a means of encouraging forest regeneration on degraded lands because they stabilize soils and accelerate the development of diverse communities, including plants, birds, and insects (Lugo 1992;Yirdaw 2001;Hartley 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest regeneration under Tectona grandis and Terminalia amazonia plantation stands managed for biodiversity conservation in western Panama

et al. 2014

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Plantations of Tectona grandis in Central America are widely perceived to suppress forest regeneration in their understories, yet few studies have tested this assumption. We surveyed the understory woody vegetation growing in 7-year-old stands of T. grandis and the native tree species Terminalia amazonia in a plantation in western Panama that was managed with both commercial timber and biodiversity conservation objectives. We predicted that if T. grandis suppressed forest regeneration then the understories of T. grandis stands would have a lower density of woody stems, smaller stems, and fewer species than stands of T. amazonia. None of our predictions were supported. Densities of woody stems were 0.56 ± 0.21 m -2 (mean ± SE) and 0.64 ± 0.10 m -2 in T. grandis and T. amazonia understories, respectively. Stem height structure was similar under both species, where stems \1 m height dominated. Understory species richness did not differ between the two species; in total, 27 and 30 woody species were sampled in T. grandis and T. amazonia stands, respectively. However, understory species composition differed between the two crop species. Overall, our results are inconsistent with the idea that T. grandis plantations suppress forest regeneration and suggest that the lack of woody vegetation in other T. grandis plantation understories may be attributable to management actions, such as understory thinning, rather than species effects of T. grandis. 123New Forests (2015) 46:157-165 DOI 10.1007 research is needed to compare T. grandis and native species for their effects on forest regeneration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest regeneration under Tectona grandis and Terminalia amazonia plantation stands managed for biodiversity conservation in western Panama

et al. 2014

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“…Forest owners are recommended to develop their plantations into multi-storied mixed forests with coniferous and broad-leaved species by using the abilities of nature [26]. As research suggests, such a mixed-species strategy has the potential to improve natural capital through enhanced vitality and forest robustness, while mitigating the environmental effects of climate change [4,10,27].…”

Section: Forest Subsidies In Japanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One common driver for realizing sustainability objectives in private plantations are subsidies. Plantation subsidies are often justified for conserving multi-functional forestry (MFF), including productivity and biodiversity [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expert Evaluation of Subsidies for the Management of Fragmented Private Forest in Regards to National Biodiversity Goals—The Case of Kochi Prefecture, Japan

Gain

Watanabe

2017

Sustainability

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This paper presents an expert evaluation of the subsidy scheme for private forest plantations in Kami City, Kochi Prefecture, Japan, to determine whether the twelve currently available subsidies are designed to realize national biodiversity goals. Subsidies for forestry practices are often criticized for rarely achieving planned outcomes and for environmental threats. Threats to natural balance of private forest have been observed in Kochi Prefecture, suggesting that current forestry subsidies may not be achieving national objectives. The utilization objectives, type of management, requirements, area, intensity, and subsidy rates were contrasted to the three forest multifunctionality objectives of the National Biodiversity Strategy of Japan (NBSJ) 2012-2020, to identify subsidy weaknesses. Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted in the study site, as well as Bavaria, Germany and Steiermark, Austria, to get a big picture of how experts in these comparable management areas evaluate the Kochi subsidy scheme. Analyses were performed based on a combination of framework analysis and constant comparison analysis. It was found that realization of vertical multifunctionality is hindered due to lack of site-specific management. A six-point proposal for restructuring the subsidy scheme, leaned on results, and the Bavarian subsidy scheme was made. To improve vertical multi-functionality, subsidy schemes should focus on forest owner integration and site-specific, long-term oriented forest works.

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“…On the other hand, these schemes are assumed to provide farmers with technical assistance and economic incentives, which guarantee local participation in reforestation activities over time [20] and orient farmers' behavior towards forest restoration [19]. Besides, it is contended that PES will also be a critical new source of funding generated by public and private demand for ecosystem services [21] so as to financially support restoration activities [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do PES Improve the Governance of Forest Restoration?

Pirard

Buren

Lapeyre

2014

Forests

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Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are praised as innovative policy instruments and they influence the governance of forest restoration efforts in two major ways. The first is the establishment of multi-stakeholder agencies as intermediary bodies between funders and planters to manage the funds and to distribute incentives to planters. The second implication is that specific contracts assign objectives to land users in the form of conditions for payments that are believed to increase the chances for sustained impacts on the ground. These implications are important in the assessment of the potential of PES to operate as new and effective funding schemes for forest restoration. They are analyzed by looking at two prominent payments for watershed service programs in IndonesiaCidanau (Banten province in Java) and West Lombok (Eastern Indonesia)-with combined economic and political science approaches. We derive lessons for the governance of funding efforts (e.g., multi-stakeholder agencies are not a guarantee of success; mixed results are obtained from a reliance on mandatory funding with ad hoc regulations, as opposed to voluntary contributions by the service beneficiary) and for the governance of financial expenditure (e.g., absolute need for evaluation procedures for the internal governance of farmer groups). Furthermore, we observe that these governance features provide no guarantee that restoration plots with the highest relevance for ecosystem services are targeted by the PES. OPEN ACCESSForests 2014, 5 405

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Ecosystem services from forest restoration: thinking ahead

Cited by 117 publications

References 44 publications

Forest regeneration under Tectona grandis and Terminalia amazonia plantation stands managed for biodiversity conservation in western Panama

Forest regeneration under Tectona grandis and Terminalia amazonia plantation stands managed for biodiversity conservation in western Panama

Expert Evaluation of Subsidies for the Management of Fragmented Private Forest in Regards to National Biodiversity Goals—The Case of Kochi Prefecture, Japan

Do PES Improve the Governance of Forest Restoration?

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