Ectoparasitos de pequenos mamíferos da Ilha de Maracá, Roraima, Brasil. I. Ectoparasitofauna, registros geográficos e de hospedeiros.

Abstract

Um levantamento de ectoparasitos de pequenos mamiferos foi realizado na ilha de Ma-racá, Roraima, Bnasil, durante três distintos periodos entre novembro de 1987 a fevereiro de 1989, tendo sido colecionados 1. 774 exemplares retirados de 51 roedores e 3 marsupiais. Os números e a distribuição por sexo das espécies de ectoparasitos encontrados são apresentados. Novos registros de hospedeiros são dados pana Androlaelaps fahrenhol zi, Gigantolaelaps goyanensis, Laelaps flexa, Laelaps paulistanensise Tur aymara.Todas as espécies de ectoparasiZos são registradas pela primeira vez no Estado de Rorai ma. Excetuando-se Amblyomma.sp., Cummingsiasp., Hoplopleura splendida, Polygenis kla-gesi klagesi, Polygenis klagesi samuelise Rhopalopsyllus australisssp. as demais espé-cies são assinaladas pela primeira vez na Amazônia brasileira. L. flexa, Tur amazonicus, Turapicalis, Τ. aymanae Gliricola venezuelanustambém constituem novos negistros pora o Bnasil. Duas novas espécies de. ectoparasitos - uma de ácaro, outra de malófogo-foram, também, encontradas.

Host-ectoparasite specificity in a small mammal community in an area of Atlantic Rain Forest (Ilha Grande, State of Rio de Janeiro), Southeastern Brazil

“…and rodents of the family Echimyidae was noted by Furman (1972) and has been corroborated in several different studies (e.g. Botelho & Williams 1980, Linardi et al 1991a. Similarly, G. goyanensis, G. oudemansi and L. manguinhosi were strictly host specific.…”

“…In most Neotropical ectoparasite studies the similarity of the host-parasite fauna is presented simply as a list or table of the shared ectoparasite species (e. g. Botelho & Williams 1980, Linardi et al 1984, 1987, 1991a, b, 1996, Guitton et al 1986). But in a few cases, ecological coefficients have been used to explain the associations and preferential hosts (Botelho et al 1981, Barros-Battesti et al 1998 or numeric analyses to cluster hosts (Lareschi 1996) and these studies have begun to clarify the level of the host-ectoparasite association (i.e.…”

“…In Brazil, several studies describe different host species being shared by a particular flea species (e.g. Linardi et al 1984, 1991a, c, Guitton et al 1986, Botelho & Linardi 1996) and others provide calculations of the "true host" (Botelho et al 1981, Barros-Battesti et al 1998. Because fleas are important vectors of plague, exchange of fleas between wild and domestic rodent hosts can be important in the maintenance of epizootics and zoonoses .…”

Host Specificity of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae) with Comments on the Drop-off Rhythm

“…Although the current literature emphasizes the importance of rodent hosts, in this study R. norvegicus was one of the species with the smallest recovery rates for larvae and nymphs. Some studies of ectoparasites in wild rodent populations in Brazil have also shown very low parasitism by ixodid ticks, A. cajennense included (Aragão & Fonseca 1961, Linardi et al 1987, 1991a. Much more research is required to improve our understanding of tick life cycles and their hosts, especially considering the ever increasing environmental changes resulting from agricultural practices which favor some species, and undoubtedly alter or even extinguish ancient tickhost associations (Hoogstraal & Aechlimannn 1982).…”

“…cajennense is a three host tick occurring mainly on equids, but can also be found on a wide range of other hosts (Rohr 1909, Linardi et al 1987, 1991a. Smith (1974b) emphasized the importance of determining the role of secondary hosts in the maintenance of its biological cycle in the wild and the possibility of the dispersion of immature stages by birds and wild and domestic mammals.…”