Eczema within a Capillary Malformation: A Case of Meyerson Phenomenon

Itchy Capillary Malformations: Unusual Appearance of Meyerson Phenomenon, a Case Series

“…Pediatr. Rep. 2021, 13, FOR PEER REVIEW 3 concerning this issue [7][8][9][10]. It consists of pruritic, erythematous and scaling patches developing over pre-existing cutaneous lesions.…”

Beefy red edematous plaque in a 3‐month‐old boy

“…Treatment response may vary as some lesions demonstrate clearance of the eczema without recurrence 3 while others show intermittent return of eczematous changes, 2,4 similar to classic atopic dermatitis. For recalcitrant cases in vascular malformations, reports have demonstrated resolution of Meyerson phenomenon with laser treatment 5 . In lesions that are unresponsive to therapy, excision of the involved nevus has resulted in resolution of the eczematous phenomenon in all cases reported 4 …”

“…The pathogenesis of eczema is classically related to a dysfunctional epidermal barrier, which may be exacerbated by disruptions in immune regulation and the host microbiome. In the setting of capillary malformations, the development of Meyerson phenomenon is hypothesized to be secondary to abnormal dermal vasculature which sets the stage for an overproduction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines 5 . Regardless of the primary cutaneous lesion that serves as the nidus in this phenomenon, the histologic finding is a superimposed spongiotic dermatitis.…”

Meyerson phenomenon in lobular capillary hemangioma

“…[ 1 2 ] There are few reports of MP with vascular conditions like capillary malformation and angiokeratoma; however, there are no reports with lobular capillary hemangioma. [ 3 4 ] Lobular capillary hemangioma (pyogenic granuloma) is a reactive, sessile/pedunculated tumor-like lesion of varying color from red, purplish, to pink, depending on the vascularity of the lesion. MP is mainly found in young adults and has no sex predilection.…”

“…[ 5 ] The role of excessive proinflammatory cytokines secreted from endothelia of these aberrant vasculature is suggested as leading to eczema. [ 3 4 ] In pyogenic granuloma, there is proliferation of capillaries, which may lead to exaggerated CD4 accumulation leading to eczematous changes. Pigmentary disturbance in halo nevus, in contrast, is mediated through CD8 cells.…”