Edaravone acts as a potential therapeutic drug against pentylenetetrazole‐induced epilepsy in male albino rats by downregulating cyclooxygenase‐II

Abstract

IntroductionThe effects of edaravone against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)‐induced epilepsy in male albino rats were investigated. Edaravone is a well‐known commercial drug used in the treatment of strokes and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of edaravone have been reported in patients with ALS.MethodsIn this study, the experimental groups were as follows: sham, control, 5 mg/kg edaravone, and 10 mg/kg edaravone. Behavioral assessment, determination of biochemical markers, apoptosis, nitric oxide (NO), and mRNA and protein expression of cyclooxygenase‐II (COX‐II) were carried out. Seizure incidence, including generalized tonic–clonic seizure (GTCS) and minimal clonic seizure (MCS), was directly associated with PTZ administration in rats.ResultsEdaravone supplementation substantially increased MCS and GTCS latency in rats, and biochemical markers were significantly altered in the brain tissue of PTZ‐treated rats. Edaravone treatment normalized altered biochemical markers compared with the untreated control. Apoptosis and NO levels were significantly reduced by more than 50% compared to their respective controls. COX‐II mRNA was increased by 130% in PTZ‐treated rats, while edaravone supplementation reduced mRNA and protein expression of COX‐II by more than 20% and 40%, respectively. Immunohistochemistry indicated that COX‐II protein expression was reduced by 13.2% and 33.7% following supplementation with 5 and 10 mg/kg edaravone, respectively.ConclusionTaken together, our results suggest that edaravone functions by downregulating the levels of COX‐II and NO and is a potential candidate for the treatment of PTZ‐induced epilepsy.

Anticonvulsive effects of edaravone on penicillin‐induced focal onset seizure model in the conscious rats

“…No other penicillin-induced focal onset seizure model was found in the literature. In the study conducted by Liu et al, in 2019, they found that edaravone was effective on generalized tonic-clonic seizure and latency to the first minimal clonic seizure in a pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure rat model. In their study, edaravone was given orally at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg/day for 15 consecutive days [18].…”

“…In the study conducted by Liu et al, in 2019, they found that edaravone was effective on generalized tonic‐clonic seizure and latency to the first minimal clonic seizure in a pentylenetetrazole‐induced seizure rat model. In their study, edaravone was given orally at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg/day for 15 consecutive days [18]. In their study, Kamida et al administered edaravone in doses of 2 or 20 mg/kg i.p.…”

Transcranial photobiomodulation add-on therapy to valproic acid for pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in peripubertal rats

“…As for PTZ, the blood oxygen level-dependent signal intensities increased within 2–4 s with peak at 15 s after PTZ injection [ 77 ]. The latency to PTZ (90 mg/kg)-induced 1st generalized tonic-clinic (GTC) seizures in rats was in the time scale of 1–5 min [ 78 , 79 ]). Considering that the instant action of PBM on neural activity in time scale of milliseconds to minutes and that PTZ works on brains within seconds and the latency of 1st GTC seizures is in time scale of minutes, the PTZ was thus arranged immediately after tPBM for the most appropriate therapeutic windows of tPBM against PTZ-induced seizures.…”

The effect of Wireless (Wi-Fi) electromagnetic fields on oxidative stress in rat kidney tissues: A biophysical analysis

“…Mobile phones are mostly front or side pockets (close to the liver) is placed 11 . When it is carried around the waist, the fact that the mobile phone is close to the organs causes electromagnetic radiation and biological interactions between the internal organs 12 . Electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones, depending on where they are moved to be absorbed by various body organs 13 .…”