Edge artificial intelligence wireless video capsule endoscopy

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, including colorectal cancer, which has shown a rising incidence among adults younger than 50. Although this could be alleviated by regular screening, only a small percentage of those at risk are screened comprehensively, due to shortcomings in accuracy and patient acceptance. To address these challenges, we designed an artificial intelligence (AI)-empowered wireless video endoscopic capsule that surpasses the performance of the existing solutions by featuring, among others: (1) real-time image processing using onboard deep neural networks (DNN), (2) enhanced visualization of the mucous layer by deploying both white-light and narrow-band imaging, (3) on-the-go task modification and DNN update using over-the-air-programming and (4) bi-directional communication with patient’s personal electronic devices to report important findings. We tested our solution in an in vivo setting, by administrating our endoscopic capsule to a pig under general anesthesia. All novel features, successfully implemented on a single platform, were validated. Our study lays the groundwork for clinically implementing a new generation of endoscopic capsules, which will significantly improve early diagnosis of upper and lower GI tract diseases.

Integrated Sensors for Soft Medical Robotics

“…[ 53,54 ] A typical WCE involves a biocompatible capsule with a minicamera, illumination system, and other functional components for the purpose of telemetry, locomotion, and power supply (Figure 2e). [ 55,56 ] 63 Researchers have been developing different locomotion mechanisms for these ingested devices, including bioinspired locomotion methods, magnetic actuation, or simply leveraging the GI tract's natural peristalsis. [ 56 ] Besides, novel ingestible devices with a range of functionalities have also been proposed, such as drug delivery, [ 31,57 ] in situ biosensing, [ 58,59 ] electrical stimulation, [ 28,60 ] and simple surgical intervention.…”

“…e) An exemplary configuration of WCEs showing different components. Reproduced with permission [63]. 2022, Springer Nature.…”

Miniaturized Capsule System Toward Real‐Time Electrochemical Detection of H2S in the Gastrointestinal Tract

“…[80,[83][84][85] Further, capsule systems that utilize Bluetooth have been previously demonstrated. [74,[86][87][88] In this work, the antenna gain of the BLE-MCU was restricted to +0 dB gain in order to evaluate Bluetooth with minimum power consumption, though transmission at +8 dB can be utilized sporadically to extend communication distance. The relative received signal strength (RSSI) between the device and a smartphone (Google Pixel 6, BLE) was recorded at various heights above the capsule.…”

2023 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE)

“…Regular screening of high-risk patients with a genetic background can reduce mortality by detecting fatal diseases early. Capsule Endoscopy enabled through camera pills has recently received a great deal of attention as a minimally invasive imaging procedure that offers novel methods for early diagnosis of disorders of the GI tract [27].…”