Education and training challenges in the era of Cyber-Physical Systems

Törngren, Martin; Bensalem, Saddek; McDermid, John; Sangiovanni‐Vincentelli, Alberto; Schätz, Bernhard

doi:10.1145/2832920.2832928

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Considering the speed of technology evolution, there are also strong needs to develop and adopt approaches for life-long learning, see e.g. Törngren et al (2015), i.e. to continuously deepen and broaden the domain expert knowledge.…”

Section: Bridging Measures Concludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity Challenges in Development of Cyber-Physical Systems

Törngren

Sellgren

2018

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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In embarking towards Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) with unprecedented capabilities it becomes essential to improve our understanding of CPS complexity and how we can deal with it. We investigate facets of CPS complexity and the limitations of Collaborating Information Processing Systems (CIPS) in dealing with those facets. By CIPS we refer to teams of humans and computer-aided engineering systems that are used to develop CPS. Furthermore, we specifically analyze characteristic differences among software and physical parts within CPS. The analysis indicates that it will no longer be possible to rely only on architectures and skilled people, or process and model/tool centered approaches. The tight integration of heterogeneous physical, cyber, CPS components, aspects and systems, results in a situation with interfaces and interrelations everywhere, each requiring explicit consideration. The role of modelbased and computer aided engineering will become even more essential, and design methodologies will need to deeply consider interwoven systems and software aspects, including the hidden costs of software.

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Section: Bridging Measures Concludedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity Challenges in Development of Cyber-Physical Systems

Törngren

Sellgren

2018

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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“…The IoT ecosystems characterized by openness and diversity of technologies require serious reflections particularly related to security issues [36] (all respondents). Our results show that security begins with awareness and built-in security mindset [37] (R1, R4, R6). While we often find that security is an after thought, today's security approach should not be introduced after the product is deployed, but it rather needs to be integrated across all design and development stages (R4, R5).…”

Section: Openness Vs Securitymentioning

confidence: 68%

“…IoT Awareness: Raising awareness for data management in terms of sensitive information in the IoT domain current practices is an important feature [40][41][42]. However, training and education require broader spectrum of stakeholders to be included, such as policy makers, regulators and the general public in order to raise such awareness regarding IoT challenges, risks and opportunities [37,43] (all respondents). More specifically, there is a need for user awareness and security education for both developers and users of smart products and services [44] (R5).…”

Section: Continuous Security Thinkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The best way to keep security on users' attention is to offer continuous security awareness and education programs [45]. Because these smart products and services should be designed-in security concepts in mind [43,46] and at the same time dealing with ethical concerns in terms of bringing awareness to owners of IoT smart products related to the degree of privacy [47], continuous education for engineers and other stakeholders in IoT field is important for enabling life-long learning regarding security and privacy aspects likewise [27,37,45,48]. Additional features for organizing learning mechanisms, team building and knowledge management systems need to be provided in connection to people and team management aspects [49].…”

Section: Continuous Security Thinkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Security risks can arise due to multiple reasons, e.g., unawareness of maliciously manipulated products or the lack of information on potential countermeasures [44]. In order to avoid certain vulnerabilities and risks, risk management is an important aspect of assessment in security in terms of threat modeling, code reviews, and various testing aspects such as white/black-box testing [37,43,46,56] (R5, R6). In this case, mitigation measures should also be considered by utilizing security and privacy by design principles [43,48,50,57] (all respondents).…”

Section: Continuous Security Thinkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Openness and Security Thinking Characteristics for IoT Ecosystems

Vogel

Kajtazi²,

Bugeja

et al. 2020

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While security is often recognized as a top priority for organizations and a push for competitive advantage, repeatedly, Internet of Things (IoT) products have become a target of diverse security attacks. Thus, orchestrating smart services and devices in a more open, standardized and secure way in IoT environments is yet a desire as much as it is a challenge. In this paper, we propose a model for IoT practitioners and researchers, who can adopt a sound security thinking in parallel with open IoT technological developments. We present the state-of-the-art and an empirical study with IoT practitioners. These efforts have resulted in identifying a set of openness and security thinking criteria that are important to consider from an IoT ecosystem point of view. Openness in terms of open standards, data, APIs, processes, open source and open architectures (flexibility, customizability and extensibility aspects), by presenting security thinking tackled from a three-dimensional point of view (awareness, assessment and challenges) that highlight the need to develop an IoT security mindset. A novel model is conceptualized with those characteristics followed by several key aspects important to design and secure future IoT systems.

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