Efecto de Arceuthobium vaginatum (Willd.) Presl. subsp. vaginatum en Pinus hartwegii Lindl. en Colima

Abstract

árboles en un rodal natural con presencia de muérdago enano: nueve sanos y nueve enfermos; con edades entre 30 y 40 años a los cuales se les realizaron análisis troncales para reconstruir su historial de crecimiento. Se consideró el grado de infección 6, con base en el sistema de clasificación de Hawksworth. Se probaron las ecuaciones de Shumacher y Chapman-Richards a fin de seleccionar el modelo más adecuado para la descripción del fenómeno. El modelo de Shumacher presentó mejores ajustes en la predicción del crecimiento. La infestación por muérdago enano lo redujo 22 % en altura, 9 % en diámetro y 50 % en volumen; además afectó en porcentajes similares al incremento corriente anual e incremento medio anual, lo cual disminuye el volumen de madera producido y aumenta el turno técnico maderable del arbolado, en un promedio de 10 años. Los resultados sugieren la aplicación de prácticas de prevención y combate del parásito, así como el establecimiento de sitios de monitoreo continuo para la generación de conocimiento sobre la relación parásito-hospedero. AbstractAlthough mistletoes are abundant in Mexico, very little is known about their behavior on different hosts. There is some work on damage assessments and less on the behavior of trees infested with varying degrees of attack. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Arceuthobium vaginatum subsp. vaginatum in height, diameter and volume of Pinus hartwegii in the Nevado de Colima Volcano National Park. 18 trees were chosen in a natural stand in the presence of dwarf mistletoe: nine sick and nine healthy, aged between 30 and 40 years to which stem analyzes were performed to reconstruct their history of growth. Based on the classification system of Hawksworth, the degree of infection was considered 6. Schumacher and Chapman-Richards equations to find the most appropriate model for the description of the phenomenon were tested. The first one showed better fit in predicting growth. Dwarf mistletoe infestation reduced it at 22 % in height, 9 % in diameter and 50 % in volume; it also affected by similar percentages the current annual increment and the mean annual increment, which lowers the volume of timber produced and the wooden technical rotation increases, at an average of 10 years. These results suggest the application of practices to prevent and combat the parasite and the establishment of continuous monitoring sites for the generation of knowledge about the host-parasite relationship.

Effects of Mexican dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium vaginatumsubsp.vaginatum) on the growth ofPinus cooperiin Durango, Mexico—A case study

“…These reduced height growths for infected trees were similar (22%) to that reported by Martínez Salvador et al (2015) for severely infected, 30-40 year old Pinus hartwegii. These reduced height growths for infected trees were similar (22%) to that reported by Martínez Salvador et al (2015) for severely infected, 30-40 year old Pinus hartwegii.…”

“…year period (51-60 years) was as high as 21%. These reduced height growths for infected trees were similar (22%) to that reported by Martínez Salvador et al (2015) for severely infected, 30-40 year old Pinus hartwegii. But, the reductions in height growth were much lower than that reported by other investigators who found reductions in height growth of severely infected trees as high as 65% (Andrade Escobar & Cibrián, 1980;Mathiasen et al, 1990;Uribe, 1985).…”

“…Other studies of the effects of Mexican dwarf mistletoe on tree growth have also reported significant growth reductions for severely infected pines in central México (Andrade Escobar & Cibrián, 1980;Madrigal & Vázquez, 1996;Martínez Salvador et al, 2015;Uribe, 1985;Vázquez Collazo, 1993;Vera, 1984). Other studies of the effects of Mexican dwarf mistletoe on tree growth have also reported significant growth reductions for severely infected pines in central México (Andrade Escobar & Cibrián, 1980;Madrigal & Vázquez, 1996;Martínez Salvador et al, 2015;Uribe, 1985;Vázquez Collazo, 1993;Vera, 1984).…”

“…Despite the inherent aforementioned limitations in the sampling design of this case study, our stem analysis data indicate that once dwarf mistletoe infection builds up to high levels (DMR > 2), infected Pinus cooperi can exhibit large growth reductions in both volume and height compared to uninfected trees. Other studies of the effects of Mexican dwarf mistletoe on tree growth have also reported significant growth reductions for severely infected pines in central México (Andrade Escobar & Cibrián, 1980;Madrigal & Vázquez, 1996;Martínez Salvador et al, 2015;Uribe, 1985;Vázquez Collazo, 1993;Vera, 1984). Therefore, based on these reports and this case study, Mexican dwarf mistletoe, the most widespread and abundant dwarf mistletoe in Mexico, is undoubtedly responsible for considerable losses in potential forest productivity, and therefore, it should be managed throughout the country to enhance timber production and hence, increase economic return from the nation's pine forests.…”

“…Despite the widespread distribution and large number of commercially valuable pine species that host dwarf mistletoes in Mexico, few studies have been conducted to estimate the effects of these parasites on tree growth. Thus far, studies have only examined the effects of dwarf mistletoe infection on Pinus hartwegii Lindley (Andrade Escobar & Cibrián, 1980;Martínez Salvador et al, 2015;Queijeiro-Bolaños & Cano-Santana, 2016;Uribe, 1985;Vázquez Collazo, 1993;Vera, 1984) and P. pseudostrobus Lindley (Madrigal & Vázquez, 1996) in central Mexico.…”