Efecto de la Inoculación de Cianobacterias en Cultivos de Interés Comercial en Zonas Semiáridas de La Guajira - Colombia

Abstract

Cyanobacteria are an alternative to reduce chemical fertilization and increase production in crops of commercial interest. Cyanobacteria have the ability to fixation N, produce growth regulators, vitamins and amino acids with the ability to stimulate plant growth. The objective of this project was to determine the effect of the inoculation of cyanobacteria isolated from Guajira rice crops on rice, maize and bean plants. Six rice farm were sampled in the municipalities of Fonseca and Distracción. Three integrated samples of substrate scraping and surface water were obtained from each farm. The microalgae were isolated in BG11 medium and identified morphologically. The cyanobacteria Gloeocapsa and Oscillatoria amphibia, individually and in mixture, were inoculated in rice, bean and maize plants in experimental plots. Non-inoculated plants were used as negative control, as well as plants with chemical fertilization. A daily record was made of plant height. It was identified 15 genera of microalgae such as Gloeocapsa sp., Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp., Anabaena sp., Chrococcus sp., and Oscillatoria among others. The inoculation with the cyanobacteria did not present significant differences with respect to the nitrogen fertilization in the three crops, which represents a saving in fertilization. From the 35 days inoculation the treatment with Gloeocapsa sp presented significant increases with respect to the control without inoculating up to 15.0% in rice plants. These results postulate Gloeocapsa as a potential biofertilizer for rice crops and the inoculation of cyanobacteria as a substitute for nitrogen fertilization in crops such as corn and beans.

Modeling the effects of light wavelength on the growth of Nostoc ellipsosporum

“…Cyanobacteria began an adaptive diversification 3.5 billion years ago by optimizing oxygenic photosynthesis, managing to expand their ecological niches (Dhar et al, 2015). Such changes led to the evolution of a wide spectrum of photosynthetic pigments with specialized functions in order to compete with other autotrophic organisms (Morales et al, 2017;Benítez et al, 2018). Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms like cyanobacteria contain two types of reaction centers, P700 from photosystem I and P680 from photosystem II .…”

Microalgae: Potential for Bioeconomy in Food Systems

“…Microalgae have been shown to be a feasible alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers because of their ability to accumulate nutrients in the form of polyphosphate granules [111]. The effects of microalgae on plant growth have been studied using species such as Chlorella sp., Gloeocapsa sp., Oscillatoria amphibia, Microcystis aeruginosa, Synechococcus rubescens, and Cyanobium gracile [111,113,114]. C. vulgaris and C. sorokiniana promoted the growth of Triticum aestivum, releasing phosphate gradually and progressively over time [107,111,112].…”