Efecto de la variabilidad interanual de las precipitaciones sobre el desarrollo de plantaciones de Pinus radiata (D. Don) en la zona de los arenales VIII Región, Chile

Huber, Anton; Trecaman, Ramiro

doi:10.4067/s0717-92002002000200005

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Estas condiciones disminuyeron la disponibilidad de agua para las plantaciones y la cubierta herbácea. En consecuencia, la vegetación acompañante de las plantaciones redujo su período de sobrevivencia y con ello el tiempo de su participación en la evapotranspiración neta (12).…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusionunclassified

“…La importancia de la capacidad de retención de agua de los suelos en la cantidad anual de agua evapotranspirada por plantaciones forestales, ya había sido observada por Abrahamson et al (8) y por Huber y Trecaman (12). En suelos con estas características, estos autores identificaron un período de baja evapotranspiración asociada a la reducida cantidad de agua en el suelo, el que coincidía con los meses de mayor demanda de agua por evaporación potencial.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusionunclassified

“…En consecuencia, sólo varió la fecha en que se llegó a esta situación. Estos resultados concuerdan con diversos estudios que señalan que el mayor impacto hidrológico de la reducción de densidad de una plantación forestal son las menores pérdidas de agua por intercepción y no los cambios en la cantidad de agua involucrada en la evapotranspiración neta para estas condiciones climáticas (12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusionunclassified

“…El incremento volumétrico fustal de una plantación forestal está regulado por las condiciones del sitio, características genéticas de los árboles, del bosque y de la vegetación asociada (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

Section: Introduccionunclassified

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Eficiencia del uso del agua en plantaciones de Pinus radiata en Chile

Trecaman

2004

Bosque (Valdivia)

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The greatest rates of transpiration were determined in the plantations established in zones with less intense precipitation and a high potential evaporation. The transpiration rate was also high in sandy soils because here the trees are exposed to a prolonged water stress which restricts their growth. Precipitation, net precipitation, density of the stand, soil-water retention capacity, summer temperature, and the characteristics of the vegetation explain more than 83.8% (r 2 ) of the variability in the transpiration rate between the studied plantations.Key words: transpiration rate, Pinus radiata. RESUMENSe calculó la eficiencia del uso de agua de plantaciones de Pinus radiata (D. Don) en Chile. Para ello se determinó y comparó la tasa de transpiración-evapotranspiración neta anual/incremento volumétrico fustal anual de algunas plantaciones coetáneas de Pinus radiata con distintos manejos entre la VII y X Regiones de Chile que poseen diferentes condiciones edafoclimáticas. La tasa de transpiración varió entre los 241 y 717 m 3 /m 3 . Los menores valores se registraron en las plantaciones establecidas en suelos arcillosos, con buena capacidad de retención de agua y con una pobre cubierta vegetal asociada, ubicadas en zonas donde predominan los eventos importantes de lluvia. Las mayores tasas de transpiración se observaron en las plantaciones establecidas en zonas con precipitaciones de menor intensidad y una alta evaporación potencial. En los arenales la tasa también fue alta, por las características de los suelos y porque los árboles estuvieron expuestos a un prolongado estrés hídrico estival, lo que restringió sus crecimientos. Las precipitaciones que alcanzaron el suelo, la densidad de las plantaciones, la capacidad de retención de agua útil de los suelos, la temperatura estival y las características de la vegetación acompañante explicaron en 83,8% (r 2 ) la variabilidad de la tasa de transpiración entre las plantaciones.Palabras clave: tasa de transpiración, Pinus radiata.* Estudio contemplado en el Proyecto Fondecyt 1010713.

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Section: Resultados Y Discusionunclassified

Section: Introduccionunclassified

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Eficiencia del uso del agua en plantaciones de Pinus radiata en Chile

Trecaman

2004

Bosque (Valdivia)

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“…Parent trees of the interior provenance seedlings developed on sites characterized by a low water holding capacity and high vapor pressure deficit in comparison with parent trees of the coastal provenances, which developed in coastal sites (Huber and Trecaman 2002). These harsh conditions generated the driving force behind selection for drought tolerance in the interior provenance because before the massive plantations in the early 1900s, seedlings naturally germinated in early spring faced with their first hot and dry season.…”

Section: Effects Of Water Stress On Growth and Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in drought tolerance of Pinus radiata in Chile associated with provenance and breeding generation

Espinoza

Diaz

Santelices

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

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Key message In Chile, breeding radiata pine for growth has led to drifts in the degree of drought tolerance of the seedlings. Interior provenances gained a larger tolerance to drought after three breeding generations as shown by larger survival and root/shoot ratio under water shortage, while coastal provenance displayed an opposite trend.• Context Given that rainfall is predicted to decrease and to affect establishment and early survival of radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) in Chile, there is a need to identify more drought tolerant genotypes at seedling stage.• Aims The aim of this study was to test whether provenances of P. radiata originating from interior or from coastal provenances, displayed different responses to short-term water shortage, and whether these responses differed from the first to the third breeding generation.• Methods Three generations of breeding families from two sites in Central Chile were compared. The seedlings were grown during 100 days and subjected to two watering regimes for 45 days. Survival, growth, and biomass allocation to roots and shoots were recorded.• Results The two provenances displayed different responses to drought. Biomass allocation to shoots and survival were significantly reduced by water shortage. The first generation seedlings from the coastal provenance displayed a larger survival rate when exposed to water shortage (i.e., 60 %); this rate decreased in the following breeding generations. On the contrary, the survival rate increased from the first to the third generation in the interior provenance.• Conclusions We observed an important local adaptation to water shortage in the interior provenance. This response may be due to the fact that parent tree populations of the interior provenance have successfully adapted to sites with periodic drought.

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Effect of Pinus radiata plantations on water balance in Chile

Huber

Iroumé

Bathurst

2007

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:The effect of Pinus radiata (D. Don) plantations on water resources at different Chilean sites located between 33°and 40°south was determined. Incoming precipitation, canopy interception loss, evapotranspiration, net evapotranspiration (transpiration and evaporation from the soil), percolation and soil water content were measured in each site, where Pinus radiata plantations were 12 to 17 years old and between 700 and 830 trees ha 1 dense. The results were compared with those obtained from areas covered with perennial grasses and shrubs at the same sites. The pine canopies intercepted on average 36-40% of the annual rainfall at all sites where rainfall was less then 1200 mm, while only 15% of the mean rainfall was intercepted in the southernmost and rainy (2081 mm year 1 ) site. Annual net evapotranspiration increased from south to north from 32% of the incoming precipitation for the southernmost site to 55% for the one located at the lower latitude. In this northernmost site almost the entire incoming precipitation was evapotranspired. Annual percolation registered its minimum value in the northern site (5% of incoming precipitation) and its maxima in the southern one (53%). The values of net evapotranspiration and percolation were regulated by the pluviometric regime and the soil moisture retention capacity in each site. Compared with the shrub or grass covers, sites under Pinus radiata plantations registered higher water consumption by evapotranspiration and reduced percolation.

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Efecto de la variabilidad interanual de las precipitaciones sobre el desarrollo de plantaciones de Pinus radiata (D. Don) en la zona de los arenales VIII Región, Chile

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Eficiencia del uso del agua en plantaciones de Pinus radiata en Chile

Eficiencia del uso del agua en plantaciones de Pinus radiata en Chile

Changes in drought tolerance of Pinus radiata in Chile associated with provenance and breeding generation

Effect of Pinus radiata plantations on water balance in Chile

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