Efectos de la especie invasora (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) sobre Pseudopoecilia fria en ríos costeros de la región del Chocó, Ecuador

Abstract

Una de las causas que aportan a la disminución de la biodiversidad es la introducción de especies exóticas que muchas veces terminan siendo invasoras, y por lo tanto terminan compitiendo con especies locales. Esta competencia no siempre es equitativa ya que las especies invasoras comúnmente cuentan con ventajas adaptativas que le otorgan beneficios ante las especies locales. Este estudio realizado en microcuencas del noroccidente del Ecuador identifica los efectos de la reciente presencia de Poecilia gillii sobre la especie nativa Pseudopoecilia fria; mediante un análisis poblacional (distribución longitudinal, parámetros de crecimiento y morfometría). Los resultados muestran un desplazamiento de P. fria hacia la parte alta del río, un aceleramiento en su crecimiento y por lo tanto una madurez anticipada con la consecuente disminución del tamaño corporal y finalmente un cambio en el alto del cuerpo con deslizamiento posterior de la aleta pectoral.

Phylogeography of the Chocó Endemic Rainbow Characin (Teleostei: Rhoadsia)

“…3). Given the relatively high level of genetic differentiation and low genetic diversity of these populations, the small size of the drainage basins that they inhabit, and the degradation that these basins are suffering (Jiménez Prado et al, 2020;Jiménez-Prado and Aguirre, 2021), we suggest designating this genetic cluster as an ESU that should be given conservation priority.…”

Cambios en Diversidad Y Distribución De Peces Nativos Con La Presencia De Dos Especies Invasoras en El Río Atacames, Noroccidente Del Ecuador

“…Su presencia actual en aguas fluviales probablemente contribuye a ejercer presión sobre las especies locales. Al parecer la aparición de P. gilli, que fue posterior al 2012, está generando cambios sobre la especie nativa P. fria, incluso de tipo morfológico, como la disminución del tamaño del cuerpo y el desplazamiento anterior de su aleta pectoral (Jiménez-Prado et al, 2020).…”

Conservation threats and future prospects for the freshwater fishes of Ecuador: A hotspot of Neotropical fish diversity

“…It is now known only from a few isolated localities (Arguello & Jimenez‐Prado, 2016 ; Vélez Espino, 2003 , 2006 ). In north‐western Ecuador, Astyanax ruberrimus seems to have been locally extirpated from the Atacames basin after the construction of a dam (Jiménez‐Prado et al ., 2020 ), while the native poeciliid Pseudopoecilia fria seems to have been displaced to the upper reaches of the Atacames basin after the introduction of the exotic poeciliid Poecilia gilli (Jiménez‐Prado & Vásquez, 2021 ). In the Puyango drainage in southern Ecuador, an unidentified loricariid previously consumed by people in the area was reported to have gone locally extinct by Tarras‐Wahlberg et al .…”

“…Non‐native poeciliids appear to be quite frequent in some basins, where they can have severe impacts on native species. This appears to be the case for Poecilia gilli (Kner, 1863), which has displaced Pseudopoecilia fria (Eigenmann & Henn, 1914) from the low and mid‐basin regions of the Atacames River (northwestern Ecuador), and has also been implicated in morphological changes observed in the surviving populations, such as a decrease in body size and the anterior displacement of the pectoral fin (Jiménez‐Prado et al ., 2020 ). Studying the impacts of introduced fishes on the ecology and evolution of native species is a major direction of future research.…”

“…As the group discussed the conservation challenges for the freshwater fishes of Ecuador over several meetings, it became clear that their state was alarming and deteriorating across the country, much of the information needed to make decisions on the status of many species was not available, and the existing relevant literature was scattered and often difficult to access. Critically, with some exceptions (Jiménez‐Prado et al ., 2020; Jiménez‐Prado & Vásquez, 2021; Loomis, 2017; Vélez Espino, 2003, 2006), there are few studies documenting how freshwater fish abundances, fisheries catches or geographic ranges have been affected by the environmental problems that aquatic ecosystems are experiencing. Available quantitative data on fish abundance and fisheries catches are typically based on short‐term studies with a limited geographic scope that employ different methodologies, making trends difficult to decipher (Burgos‐Morán et al ., 2018; Jácome‐Negrete et al ., 2018; Revelo, 2010; Utreras, 2010).…”