Efeito do lodo de esgoto e do nitrogênio nos fatores produtivos do girassol

A B S T R A C TThe utilization of organic wastes in agriculture is an alternative that can reduce the amounts of mineral fertilizers applied to the soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of macronutrients in sunflower cv. 'Hélio 250' fertilized with cassava wastewater. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design, with six treatments (0; 8.5; 17; 34; 68 and 136 m 3 ha -1 of cassava wastewater) and four replications. The accumulation of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S) were evaluated in leaves, stem, capitulum and achenes. The cassava wastewater dose of 136 m 3 ha -1 promoted the greatest accumulation of all evaluated nutrients. The pattern of macronutrients accumulation occurred in the following order: leaves -Ca > K > N > Mg > S > P; stem -K > Ca > Mg > N > P > S; capitulum -N > K > P > Mg > Ca > S; and achenes -N > P > K > Mg > S > Ca. The extraction of nutrients by whole sunflower plants occurred in the following order: N > K > Ca > Mg > P > S. Cassava wastewater provided appropriate concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S; therefore, it has potential as an organic fertilizer for the studied sunflower cultivar.Acúmulo de macronutrientes em distintas partes de girassol adubado com manipueira R E S U M O A utilização de resíduos orgânicos em cultivos é uma alternativa capaz de reduzir quantidades de adubos minerais aplicados ao solo. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, avaliar o acúmulo de macronutrientes na cultura do girassol cultivar Hélio 250 adubado com manipueira. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos (0; 8,5; 17; 34; 68 e 136 m 3 ha -1 de manipueira) em quatro repetições. Foram avaliados os acúmulos de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P), potássio (K), cálcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg) e enxofre (S) nas folhas, caules, capítulos e aquênios. A dose de 136 m 3 ha -1 de manipueira foi a que proporcionou o maior acúmulo para todos os nutrientes avaliados. O acúmulo dos macronutrientes ocorre na seguinte ordem por órgão: folhas Ca > K > N > Mg > S > P; caule K > Ca > Mg > N > P > S; capítulos N > K > P > Mg > Ca > S; aquênios N > P > K > Mg > S > Ca. A ordem de acumulação dos nutrientes pelas plantas inteiras de girassol é: N > K > Ca > Mg > P > S. A manipueira, por ter fornecido concentrações suficientes de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S, apresenta potencial, como fertilizante orgânico para a cultivar estudada do girassol.

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Accumulation of macronutrients in different parts of sunflower fertilized with cassava wastewater

Dantas

Rolim

Pedrosa

et al. 2016

“…Lobo et al (2013) obtiveram, após 6 aplicações de lodo de esgoto nas mesmas doses efetuados neste experimento, os seguintes resultados para o rendimento de óleo na dose de 200% de N que, como fonte de lodo de esgoto, foi superior que o tratamento que recebeu N mineral. Lobo et al (2012) concluíram que a melhor dose de N no girassol do mesmo hibrido utilizado neste experimento foi de 100 kg ha -1 para a produtividade de grão, matéria seca e rendimento de óleo.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Aplicações sucessivas de lodo de esgoto no girassol e efeito residual no trigo e triticale

Lobo¹,

Filho

Kummer

2014

Self Cite

R E S U M ONeste trabalho se propôs avaliar o efeito da aplicação do lodo de esgoto durante dois anos sucessivos, na cultura do girassol e seu efeito residual na produtividade do trigo e triticale. Trabalhou-se durante dois anos consecutivos com a cultura do girassol semeando-se, após a colheita do segundo ano, o trigo e o triticale sem aplicação de lodo de esgoto. Foi adotado o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados constituído por 6 tratamentos e 5 repetições: T0 -sem adubação com nitrogênio; T1 -adubação química nitrogenada de acordo com a necessidade de cultura; T2 -50% adubação nitrogenada proveniente do lodo de esgoto e 50% na forma da adubação química, em cobertura; T3 -100% da adubação nitrogenada do recomendado pela cultura, proveniente do lodo de esgoto; T4 -150% da adubação nitrogenada proveniente do lodo de esgoto e T5 -200% da adubação nitrogenada proveniente do lodo de esgoto. No girassol o lodo de esgoto proporcionou maior rendimento de grãos e de óleo no acumulado dos dois anos de aplicação sem, no entanto, interferir no teor de óleo, no triticale não interferiu no rendimento de grãos enquanto no trigo o melhor tratamento foi o de 150% da dose de N proveniente do lodo de esgoto.Succesive applications of sewage sludge in sunflower and residual effect on wheat and triticale A B S T R A C TThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of factors of production within two years of application of sewage sludge on sunflower and its residual effect on productivity of wheat and triticale. The study was conducted for two consecutive years with sunflower cultivation and after harvest of the second year wheat and triticale were sown without the application of sewage sludge fertilization. The experimental design of randomize blocks was adopted consisting of six treatments and five repetitions: T0 -without nitrogen fertilization; T1 -chemical nitrogen in accordance with Technical Buletin 100. (100% N chemical fertilizers), T2 -50% Nitrogen from sewage sludge and 50% in the form of chemical fertilizer, top dressing, T3 -100% of nitrogen recommended for the crop, from sewage sludge, T4 -150% of nitrogen from sewage sludge; T5 -200% of nitrogen from sewage sludge. In the sunflower the sewage sludge promoted a higher grain yield and yield of oil accumulated in the two years of application and did not affect the oil content. In triticale the combination of residual effect of two years with sludge and mineral N fertilization resulted in a greater number of plants and a higher yield. In wheat the best treatment was 150% of the dose of N from sewage sludge residual effect of two applications in sunflower. Palavras-chave:sustentabilidade produtividade nitrogênio

“…Agricultural crops fertilized with sewage sludge respond satisfactorily: Lobo et al (2013) observed increase in grain yield, oil yield, weight of 1,000 seeds and dry matter yield of sunflower with the application of sewage sludge. In addition, Chiba et al (2008) reported that sewage sludge is an efficient source of nitrogen (N) for sugarcane ratoon and there is no need to complement with N fertilizers in order to obtain the same yields of stem and sugar of a conventional mineral fertilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Yield of castor bean fertilized with sewage sludge and potassium and magnesium sulphate

Cavalcanti

junior

Sampaio

et al. 2015

<title>ABSTRACT</title>The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutrition of castor bean in response to fertilization with sewage sludge and potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) sulphate. The experiment was carried out from January to July 2011. The treatments, in a randomized block design with three replicates, in a Nitosol, corresponded to a factorial scheme (2 x 4 +1): two doses of K and Mg sulphate combined with four doses of sewage sludge (0, 2.60, 5.20 and 10.40 t ha-1, dry basis), applied based on its nitrogen (N) content and the N requirement for the crop and an additional treatment with NPK. The castor bean grain yield fertilized with sewage sludge did not differ from conventional fertilization, with the maximum value achieved at a dose of 7.5 t ha-1 of sewage sludge. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased zinc and copper levels in the soil to values close to or higher than those in conventional fertilization, without any influence on the concentrations in the leaf. Fertilization with K and Mg sulphate increased the levels of these cations in the soil without affecting the concentrations in the leaves. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased the contents of organic matter, sulfur, zinc, iron, copper and boron in the soil, and manganese and boron in castor bean leaves.