Efeitos da associação de azaperone e xilazina em veados-mateiros (<i>Mazama americana</i>) mantidos em cativeiro

Abstract

FERRARI, B.G. Effects of azaperone and xylazine combination in captive red brockets (Mazama americana). 2015 Masters dissertation -The aim of this study was to determine a sedation protocol for red brockets (Mazama americana) that allows common handling procedures for captive individuals of this species. Six adult animals, weighing 38.4 ± 5 kg, from Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (UNESP -Jaboticabal) were used in the study. They underwent two treatments with a 30 days washout period: AX-0.5 with 1 mg/kg azaperone and 0.5 mg/kg xylazine, intramuscularly (IM), and AX-1.0 with 1 mg/kg azaperone and 1 mg/kg xylazine, IM. From the moment of drug administration (0 minute) latency periods for sedation, sternal recumbency, safe handling and unsafe handling were recorded. The quality of chemical restraint was quantified every 10 minutes, for up to 90 minutes, through a descriptive scale, and the physiological variables (FC, f R , PAM and T°) every 10 minutes, up to 60 minutes. Acid base status and blood electrolytes (pH, PaCO 2, PaO 2, HCO 3 -, EB, SaO 2, Na + e K + ) were assessed at 10, 30 and 60 minutes, while blood lactate was assessed at 30 and 60 minutes after treatment. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05. Sedation latency periods and period for sternal recumbency were longer in AX-0.5 (7 ± 6,6 e 12 ± 9,7 minutes, respectively) in comparison to (AX-1.0 5 ± 2,0 e 6 ± 3,1 minutes respectively), however no other significant differences in periods between groups were observed. Quality of chemical restraint was significantly different between treatments after 60 minutes, when safe handling of the animals was no longer possible in AX-0.5, but only after 90 minutes in AX-1.0. No differences between FC, f R , PAM, T o and blood lactate levels were observed between groups or between moments. Regarding the acid base status and blood electrolytes, animals from AX-0,5 showed significant differences in pH, HCO 3 -, , BE and K + between 10 and 60 minutes, being values at 10 minutes higher. Same tendency was also observed in AX-1.0, however only for BE. In conclusion, both protocols led to adequate sedation and predilection between them should be based on the animal's behavior. Even though no alterations in physiological parameters were detected in any of the experimental groups, oxygen therapy is recommended for the first 30 minutes of chemical restraint in all animals.