Efeitos de longo prazo do treinamento resistido nos indicadores de obesidade: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

-Several studies have reported the effect of exercise on the control of excess body fat; however, the criteria for different types of exercise have not yet been established in the literature, mainly regarding long-term resistance exercises. The objective of the present study was to determine by a systematic review the long-term action of resistance training on obesity indicators. Original scientific studies were included, classified according to the intervention of traditional (TRT) and combined (CRT) resistance training and analyzed in terms of their methodological quality. Articles were surveyed in the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and Lilacs. Based on the analysis of 28 papers selected from the 1199 articles reviewed, it was noted that higher rates of reduction in body mass index and body fat percentage occurred when performing CRT compared to TRT. However, more evidence is needed in order to standardize the variables of resistance training (number of exercises, repetitions, number of series, intervals, speed of execution, and load intensity), so that the best training model may be identified and the methodological quality of the experiments may be improved in an attempt to reduce the risk of bias.

Influence of Strength Training Variables on Neuromuscular and Morphological Adaptations in Prepubertal Children: A Systematic Review

“…Moreover, the STPs produced significant increases in coordination in the SdCh group (tier 0), flexibility in the RcCh group (tier 1), and agility in the TrCh group (tier 2). These findings confirm that strength training provides many benefits in prepubertal children, as in other populations [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Furthermore, regarding the strength training variables, the greatest neuromuscular adaptions occurred in programs with a duration of 8–12 weeks, a frequency of 2 days/week, low volume, moderate intensity, high movement velocity, medium or long rest intervals, multi-joint exercises, and machine-based or plyometrics exercises.…”

“…As a consequence of this kind of training, adaptations are produced at different levels (e.g., neuromuscular) through the manipulation of strength training variables (e.g., duration) [ 6 ], which must be adjusted to a series of biological and psychological demands specific to each individual [ 7 ]. The scientific literature has demonstrated the effects of strength training in population samples of different characteristics such as elderly people or nonagenarians [ 8 ], older adults [ 9 ], sedentary people [ 10 ], obese subjects [ 11 ], pregnant women [ 12 ], and athletes [ 13 ].…”

Fatores associados a não participação nas aulas de educação física escolar em adolescentes

“…Nesse sentido, acredita-se que a participação nas aulas de EFE contribua para o aumento da atividade física habitual, como evidenciado em programas de intervenção 19,20 , pesquisas transversais 21,22 e longitudinais 20,23 . Hoehrer et al 24 realizaram uma revisão sistemática das intervenções conduzidas na América Latina e observaram que o nível de evidências dos estudos e das recomendações sugeridas pelo Community Guide Guidelines são sustentáveis e consistentes na afirmação de que as intervenções baseadas na escola melhoram o nível de atividade física.…”

“…Destarte aos resultados encontrados, suscita-se maior atenção por parte dos órgãos de saúde pública, no sentido de propor estratégias de intervenção a partir da infância e deve fazer parte de todas as etapas escolares. Essas estratégias podem ser iniciadas por meio de programas para a promoção de alimentação balanceada, atividade física e estilos de vida saudável, tanto no ambiente domiciliar como na escola, uma vez que a literatura tem mostrado que crianças e adolescentes obesos apresentam maior risco de se tornarem adultos obesos e, consequentemente, maior probabilidade para desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares 12,15,21,23 .…”

Será a combinação dos treinamentos intervalado e resistido mais efetiva sobre a aptidão física em adultos? Uma revisão sistemática e metanálise

“…Among the methodologies observed in the various studies that use the principles of interval training, sprint interval training (SIT) is defined as sprints of short duration (8 to 30 seconds), with intensity greater than 100% of VO 2max and interspersed with recovery periods 8 , while high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is characterized by exercise sessions with intensities between 80% and 100% of maximum heart rate or aerobic capacity, with duration between 60 and 240 seconds, which are within the aerobic capacity of the individual (sub-maximum), but extremely intense 9 . Another protocol widely used in literature is resistance training, since it is an important component for weight loss by promoting body fat reduction increased lean mass and muscle strength 7,12 . In addition, this protocol produces the EPOC effect (excessive post-exercise oxygen consumption), and through this system, brings long-term benefits to individuals by increasing basal metabolic rate and caloric expenditure and improves lipid oxidation 14 .…”