Effect of a Corrective Exercise Program Based on Scapular Stability on Upper Cross Syndrome in Wheelchair Basketball Athletes

Abstract

The effect of childhood spinal cord injury … [9] Seating and mobility considerations for people with ... [10] Wheelchair configuration and postural alignment ... [11] Muscles and cervical pain syndromes … [12] NASM essentials of corrective exercise ... [13] Reliability and validity of thoracic kyphosis measurements … [14] The effect of 6-week exercise therapy protocol ... [15] Comparison of the effects of three corrective exercise methods ... [16] The effect of six weeks corrective exercise on upper … [17] The effect of eight weeks comprehensive ... [18] The comparison of effect of three programs ... [19] The effect of a NASM-based training protocol … [20] Head and shoulder posture affect scapular mechanics ... [21] Cervical curve restoration and forward head ... [22] ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing ... [23] The effect of a 10-week selected corrective … [24] Intrarater and interrater reliability of photographic ... [25] Gym based exercises for ... [26] Assessment and treatment of muscle ... [27] Thoracic position effect on shoulder range ... [28] The impact of kyphosis on daily … [29] Spinal cord medicine, principles ... [30] The efficacy of forward head correction on nerve ... [31] Upper crossed syndrome and its relationship … [32] Management of common musculoskeletal ... [33] The effects of a selective corrective program … [34] Effect of stretching and strengthening shoulder ... [35] Surface electromyographic analysis of exercises ... [36] Effect of neck exercise on sitting posture … [37] Recruitment of the deep cervical flexor muscles ... [38] Shoulder Function and 3-Dimensional Kinematics ... [39] Muscle specificity in tests of cervical flexor muscle ... Aims Wheelchair basketball athletes, as a group of people with spinal cord injury, are at risk for upper cross syndrome. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a corrective exercise program based on scapular stability on upper cross syndrome in wheelchair basketball athletes. Materials & MethodsIn this semi-experimental study that was conducted in 2017-2018, 24 veteran and handicapped wheelchair basketball athletes who had spinal cord injury with upper cross syndrome in Mashhad were selected by purposive sampling method and divided into control (n=12) and case (n=12) groups. A corrective exercise program based on scapular stability were administered to the case group for 8 weeks. Camera and flexible ruler tools were used to measure forward head, rounded shoulder and kyphosis, respectively. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 23 software using independent t-test, paired t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey's post hoc test. Findings The severity of forward head, rounded shoulder and kyphosis abnormalities was less in class 3 than in class 1 and 2. There was a significant difference between the case and control groups after training in all three forward head, rounded shoulder, and kyphosis abnormalities (p<0.05). ConclusionThe corrective exercises based on scapula stability are one of the most useful training methods ...

The effect of various therapeutic exercises on forward head posture, rounded shoulder, and hyperkyphosis among people with upper crossed syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Twenty- two eligible studies have investigated the impact of therapeutic exercise on forward head posture [ 5 , 10 – 13 , 17 , 18 , 22 – 36 ]. Of these studies, three studies had two independent intervention groups that were analyzed.…”

“…Twenty studies have examined the impact of therapeutic exercise on rounded shoulders [ 5 , 10 – 13 , 17 , 18 , 22 – 28 , 30 – 35 ]. Two of these studies had two independent intervention groups, while one study had three independent intervention groups.…”

“…Eighteen studies have examined the effect of therapeutic exercise on thoracic kyphosis [ 10 – 13 , 17 , 18 , 22 – 30 , 33 , 35 , 36 ]. In three studies, both independent intervention groups were utilized, while in one study, all three independent intervention groups were included.…”

“…Corrective plays had a higher positive effect on the forward head and kyphosis. Maarouf et al, 2020 [ 13 ] Basketball Players in Wheelchairs Intervention group: 12 (12/0) (5.08 ± 39.80) Control Group: 12 (12/0) (11.23 ± 43) Scapular Stability exercises No Exercise (8), (5), (60) Forward Head, Forward Shoulder, Kyphosis Significant improvement in forward head, forward shoulder, and kyphosis angles in the intervention group Karimian et al, 2019 [ 23 ] Teachers Group: 12 (45.2 ± 8.1) Control Group: 11 (44.1 ± 7.8) Corrective Exercises with Ergonomic Interventions No Exercise (12), (3), (45–60) Forward Head, Forward Shoulder, Kyphosis In exercise groups, significant differences were observed in the forward head, forward shoulder, and kyphosis angles. Piri et al, 2021 [ 18 ] Beautician women Experimental Group: 20 (0/20) (33.40 ± 2.30) Control Group: 20 (0/20) (31.95 ± 1.47) Myofascial Release, Stretching Exercises, and Dynamic Exercises No Exercise (12), (3), (60) Forward Head, Forward Shoulder, Kyphosis Significantly reduced forward head, forward shoulder, and kyphosis angles in the intervention group Abdolahzade et al, 2019 [ 10 ] Female Students Intervention Group: 15 (0/15) (20.53 ± 1.55) Control Group: 15 (0/15) (20.00 ± 2.00) Corrective Exercises based on NASM No Exercise (8), (3), (30–70) Forward Head, Forward Shoulder, Kyphosis Significant improvement was found in the NASM group’s forward head, forward shoulder, and kyphosis angles.…”

“…Therefore, selecting appropriate exercises to correct UCS and prevent further disorders is crucial. In this regard, several studies have explored the effectiveness of various therapeutic exercises for this condition, including therapeutic exercises in games, strength training, stretching exercises, shoulder-specific exercises, and comprehensive exercises [10][11][12][13].…”