Effect of added salt on properties of aqueous SMP solution

Abstract

SYNOPSISSulfomethylated phenolic resin (SMP) is a drilling mud additive having good fluid loss and dispersion characters and may be resistant to the action of high temperature and high salt frequently encountered in well drilling, especially in deep wells. SMP is one kind of polyelectrolyte. There are dissociable groups ( -CH2SO;Na+) along the chain of SMP. The conformations and properties of SMP in solution are affected greatly due to electrostatic attraction and repulsion. From the experimental results of viscosities and fluorescence spectra of polyelectrolyte SMP in pure water and aqueous solutions containing added salt, the effects of added salt on molecular conformations of SMP in aqueous solution and properties of reducing fluid loss of water base drilling mud are discussed.

Properties of high‐temperature‐resistant drilling fluids incorporating acrylamide/(acrylic acid)/(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propane sulfonic acid) terpolymer and aluminum citrate as filtration control agents

“…However, for salt-water mud, the decreases of the viscosity (plastic, apparent) and yield point, regardless of the presence of aluminum citrate, are very severe after the thermal aging. Besides thermal degradation, this result may be attributable to the reduced negative charge density on the terpolymer chain and, consequently, to the contracted macromolecular chain in aqueous saline solutions [10]. Of course, we still think that during thermal aging the polycomplex of the terpolymer with aluminum citrate can be formed in salt-water mud (as confirmed later by filtrate volume studies).…”

“…Filtration control agents used for reducing the filtrate volume and filter cake thickness of water-based bentonite mud (i.e., drilling fluid) for oilfield drilling are varied, ranging from natural and modified natural products such as lignite [1,2], carboxymethyl cellulose [3][4][5][6][7], and chemically modified starch [8,9] to fully synthetic materials such as sulfomethylated phenolic resin [10] and either homo-or copolymers of various vinyl monomers [11,12]. For the drilling fluid, adequate filtration control is essential to prevent drilling problems such as excessive torque and drag differential pressure sticking, borehole instability, and formation damage [13].…”

“…For the drilling fluid, adequate filtration control is essential to prevent drilling problems such as excessive torque and drag differential pressure sticking, borehole instability, and formation damage [13]. According to the view of Zhuang et al [10][11][12], these polymeric additives may be adsorbed on the clay surface by hydrogen and coordination bonding to raise the zeta potential and hydrated shell thickness of the clay particle, reduce or inhibit the attractions between clay particles by electrostatic stabilization, strengthen clay gel structure, plug the filter cake holes, improve the quality of the filter cake, and reduce the coefficient of penetration and filtration. Therefore, the mud filtrate volume gets reduced.…”

“…Conventional polymers such as partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and polyanionic cellulose cannot survive the hostile drilling environments, owing to their rapid hydrolysis and facile thermal degradation and the undesirable properties of the corresponding drilling fluid [15,16]. To overcome these problems, sulfomethylated phenolic resin [10] and some vinyl copolymers containing 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) or N-vinylpyrrolidone [11,12] have been developed. It is reported that they can be resistant to high temperature and tolerant to the action of high salt, and that the corresponding muds may be used in the above-mentioned hostile environments.…”

The influence of sulfomethyl phenol formaldehyde resin (SMP) on cementing slurry

“…Some researchers [10][11][12] who studied the SMP, have proved that SMP can generate complex compound by reacting with metal ions with high valence. In this experiment, cement slurry of P 1 and P 2 are mixed in deionized water instead of tap water, which can eliminate the influence of ions in the tap water on the experimental results.…”