Effect of Aerobic Exercise on CD4 Cell Count and Lipid Profile of HIV Infected Persons in North Eastern Nigeria

Sm, Maduagwu; Kaidal, Amina; Gashau, Wadzani; Balami, Arhyel Gana; Ac, Ojiakor; BA, Denue; Kida, Ibrahim Musa

doi:10.4172/2155-6113.1000508

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Three different searches were carried out sequentially during the course of this study using the three-primary outcomes separately in the search strategy.Immune functionSearches of all sources found 127 citations, and after duplicate removal, 79 were potential for evaluation of which 16 publications were considered after topic and abstract screening for inclusion. When full-text screening was concluded, 13 articles met the inclusion criteria [13, 14, 16, 17, 23–31, 36] (Additional file 6. PRISMA flow Diagram).Bone mineral densityThe result from all sources gave 18 citations, 6 duplicates were removed and after a full-text screening of 12 articles, none met the study inclusion criteria.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Searches of all sources found 127 citations, and after duplicate removal, 79 were potential for evaluation of which 16 publications were considered after topic and abstract screening for inclusion. When full-text screening was concluded, 13 articles met the inclusion criteria [13, 14, 16, 17, 23–31, 36] (Additional file 6. PRISMA flow Diagram).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 studies used aerobic exercise [13, 14, 23–30], 2 studies utilized resistance exercise [16, 17] while 1 study [31] combined both exercises as an intervention. Studies of aerobic exercise intervention included 7 studies with no exercise group [23, 25, 26], maintain normal daily activity group [13, 27, 30], and high-intensity aerobic exercise group [27, 29], while Ezema [14], Ogalha [24] , and Terry [28] utilized conventional therapy, counselling, and soft stretching plus relaxation as control, respectively. Resistance exercise studies on the other arm also had no exercise group [17] and maintain normal activity group [16] while the combined study [31] had no exercise group as control (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participant were all HIV male and female adults with CD 4+ cell count ranging from < 150 cells/mm 3 to > 850 cells/mm 3 with age range 22–63 years and were on a HAART regimen. Five studies had participant located in Brazil [16, 24, 28, 29, 31], one in India [17], three in Nigeria [13, 14, 30], and four in U.S. A [23, 25–27] (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerobic exercise, when carried out for 16 weeks (30 min, 3 times/wk) at a moderate intensity, resulted in either an increased or a stable CD 4+ cell count which improves resistance to infection [5]. In fact, Maduagwu et al [13], reported a significant improvement in the CD 4+ cell in a pre-test and post-test 12 week (40 min, 3 times/wk) experimental study. Similar findings were reported by Ezema et al [14], who observed a significant increase in CD 4+ cell count and VO 2 max with exercise compared to the control in an 8-week (45–60 min) training program.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of physical exercises on immune function, bone mineral density, and quality of life in people living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review with meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Background Compromised immune function, associated with human immune deficiency virus(HIV) infection, is improved by antiretroviral therapy(ART) which also decreases bone mineral density(BMD), and possibly the quality of life(QoL). However, physical(aerobic/resistance) exercises, were reported to induce reverse effects in uninfected individuals and were appraised in the literature for evidence of similar benefits in people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA). The main study objective was to evaluate the impact of physical (aerobic and resistance) exercises on CD 4+ count, BMD and QoL in PLWHA. Methods A systematic review was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration protocol. Searching databases, up to June 2017, only randomized control trials investigating the effects of either aerobic, resistance or a combination of both exercise types with a control/other intervention(s) for a period of at least 4 weeks among adults living with HIV, were included. Two independent reviewers determined the eligibility of the studies. Data were extracted and risk of bias(ROB) was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration ROB tool. Meta-analyses were conducted using random effect models using the Review Manager(RevMan) computer software. Results Nineteen studies met inclusion criteria( n = 491 participants at study completion) comprising male and female with age range 22–66 years. Two meta-analyses across 13 sub-group comparisons were performed. However, there were no RCTs on the impact of physical exercises on BMD in PLWHA. The result showed no significant change in CD 4+ count unlike a significant effect of 5.04 point(95%CI:-8.49,-3.74, p = 0.00001) for role activity limitation due to physical health(QoL sub-domain). Overall, the GRADE evidence for this review was of moderate quality. Conclusions There was evidence that engaging in moderate intensity aerobic exercises (55–85% Maximum heart rate-MHR), for 30–60 min, two to five times/week for 6–24 weeks significantly improves role activity limitation due to physical health problems, otherwise physical(aerobic or/and resistance) exercises have no significant effects on CD4 + count and other domains of QoL. Also, there is lack of evidence on the impact of exercises on BMD in PLWHA due to the paucity of RCTs. The moderate grade evidence for this review suggests that further research may likely have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effects and may change the estimate. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-3916-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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