Effect of Aldosterone and Corticosterone on β-Galactosidase and Invertase Activity in the Small Intestine of Rats

Koldovský, Otakar; Jirsová, V.; Heringová, A.

doi:10.1038/206300a0

Cited by 51 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The postnatal changes in serum corticosterone occumng at the time of weaning have attracted much interest, since there is convincing evidence that the glucocorticoid hormone plays a key role in the enzymatic changes in the gastrointestinal tract at that time (17). In the present study we found that at the time of weaning in rats serum levels of aldosterone followed the same developmental pattern that has previously been described for corticosterone (2,18). This raised the question whether aldosterone might be of physiological importance for the development of the colon at the time of weaning, since the colon is rich in aldosterone receptors (7,8).…”

Section: It Has Been Suggested That This Increase In Intracellular Sosupporting

confidence: 68%

Role of Aldosterone for Control of Colonic NaKATPase Activity in Weanling Rats

Finkel

Aperia

1986

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. Ex~eriments were ~erforrned to examine MATERIALS AND METHODShow aldosterone ;noddates coloniE NaKATPase activity during the weaning period. NaKATPase activity was determined in proximal and distal colon in control rats aged 16, 20, and 40 days, in rats aged 20 and 40 days fed low sodium diet for 4 days and in 20-day-old rats adrenalectomized on day 16. In some protocols net sodium and water transport was determined with in vivo perfusion technique. In control rats colonic NaKATPase activity increased significantly between day 16 and 20. This increase was abolished by adrenalectomy but restored by aldosterone substitution, 5 pg/lOO g body weight112 h. No significant increase in NaKATPase activity occurred between day 20 and 40. Serum levels of both aldosterone and of corticosterone were low until day 14 and increased to peak level at day 18-20. In 20-and 40-day-old rats fed a low sodium diet, NaKATPase activity increased significantly in proximal and distal colon in both age groups but the increases were significantly greater in the 20-than the 40-day-old animals. A low sodium diet increased serum aldosterone, but not serum corticosterone levels in both age groups: also the low sodium diet significantly increased net sodium and water transport in 20-but not in 40-day-old rats. Aldosterone is of physiological importance for the regulation of Pi, inorganic phosphorousAt the time of weaning there is an accelerated maturation of gastrointestinal enzymes and this maturation is attenuated by adrenalectomy (1). It is generally assumed that it is the glucocorticoid hormone which triggers the maturation. The serum levels of glucocorticoid hormones increase rapidly at the time of weaning (2) and treatment with large doses of glucocorticoid in suckling rats results in precocious development of enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract (3-6).There are few developmental studies of the large intestine. The adult large intestine has a high concentration of mineralocorticoid receptors (7,8), and the activity of NaKATPase enzyme in the adult colon can be modulated by mineralocorticoid (9). The present study was designed to explore the influence of mineralocorticoid hormone on colonic NaKATPase activity at the time of weaning. Animals. Sprague-Dawley rats from Anticimex, Sollentuna, Sweden were used. The animal quarters were air-conditioned (2 1 + lo C) with a 12-h light cycle (0700-1900 h) and a 12-h dark cycle. The litter sizes were maintained at four to six animals.Experimental Groups. Zn~act rats. The animals were kept with lactating dams. They had free access to ordinary rat food (Ewos R3) containing 0.13 mmol Na/g and tap water ad libitum until 20 days. Thereafter they were kept in litters without dams. Their body weight increased from a mean of 21.5 g at 10 days to a mean of 170 g at 40 days. Sodium depletion. These animals were fed a low sodium diet (Ewos) for 4 days. The diet was similar to the ordinary rat food but contained 0.009 mmol Na/g. Animals aged 16 days were separated from the dams and fed a low salt diet...

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Section: It Has Been Suggested That This Increase In Intracellular Sosupporting

confidence: 68%

Role of Aldosterone for Control of Colonic NaKATPase Activity in Weanling Rats

Finkel

Aperia

1986

Pediatr Res

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“…The administration of thyroxine or cor tisone to undernourished rats during the 3rd week of postnatal development stimulated the sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activi ties (3-to 6-fold) while lactase activity was significantly reduced under these conditions. The role of thyroxine and corticosteroids in the regulation of sucrase activity has been well documented in experimental animals [5], Adrenalectomy or thyroidectomy results in a delay in the appearance of sucrase activ ity in rats [15,16]. During early postnatal life, lactase activity is maximum and it falls con siderably at the end of the 3rd week of post natal life when sucrase activity begins to ap pear and gradually increases to a constant level [22], The development of alkaline phos phatase is also reported to be affected with steroids [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Intestinal Function in Response to Thyroxine and Cortisone Administration in Undernourished Rats

Pathak¹,

Dudeja²,

Ansari³

et al. 1982

Ann Nutr Metab

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Imposition of undernutrition during the suckling period considerably enhanced the intestinal uptake of D-glucose and glycine compared to a control group. Brush border sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase activities were drastically reduced while lactase and leucine amino peptidase levels were significantly elevated at weaning in nutritionally deprived pups as compared to control animals. Cortisone administration to undernourished rats depressed the uptake of D-glucose but stimulated that of glycine. Thyroxine treatment to undernourished animals reduced the uptake of glucose but had no effect on glycine absorption. Brush border sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activities were stimulated in cortisone- or thyroxine-injected undernourished rats but lactase activity was depressed under these conditions. Leucine aminopeptidase activity remained unaffected in cortisone- or thyroxine-administered undernourished pups.

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“…Administration of glucocorticoids to suckling rats or mice causes precocious increases in the activities of sucrase (40, 56,57), maltase (56,58), trehalase (56), amino peptidase (43,56), and alkaline phosphatase (42), as well as precocious disappearance of various lysosomal hydrolases (59), and the capacities for pinocytosis (15,19,60) and for the absorption of intact immunoglobulins (19,61). Conversely, it has been shown that if animals are adrenalectomized during the second postnatal week, the usual decrease of pinocytosis (62) and increase ofalkaline phosphatase (42) and sucrase (63) activities are largely prevented.…”

Section: Role Of Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemistry of Intestinal Development

Henning¹

1979

Environmental Health Perspectives

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In biochemical terms, the rat small intestine is relatively immature at birth and for the first two postnatal weeks. Then during the third week a dramatic array ofenzymic changes begins, and by the end ofthe fourth week the intestine has the digestive and absorptive properties of the adult. Selective examples of these changes are discussed with emphasis on their implications for toxicological studies. The review also includes a detailed consideration of the roles of the dietary change of weaning and of glucocorticoid and thyroid hormones in the regulation of intestinal development.My aim in this paper is to use the rat as a model system for a discussion of the postnatal development of small intestinal function. Factors which affect the developmental process will be reviewed in terms of their implications for toxicological studies. Morphologic Development of the IntestineBy the time of birth, the intestinal mucosa of the rat displays a high level of structural development characterized by villi lined with a single layer of columnar epithelial cells which have well-defined microvilli at their absorptive surface (1-3). After birth, continuous proliferation of epithelial cells occurs only in the lower regions of the crypts (4, 5), and cells migrate from there onto and along the villi, eventually being extruded from the tips into the lumen of the intestine. In adult rats and mice the generation time for the crypt cells is 10-14 hr (6), and the transit time along the length of the villus is approximately 48 hr (7). The characteristics of proliferation and migration of enterocytes in adult animals are dealt with in detail in the review by Lipkin (8). In neonatal rats, generation and migration of the cells is much slower than in adults. Despite the fact that the neonatal villi are shorter, the transit time is at least % hr (7, 9). During the third postnatal week there are significant changes in both cell kinetics and mor-

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Effect of Aldosterone and Corticosterone on β-Galactosidase and Invertase Activity in the Small Intestine of Rats

Cited by 51 publications

References 5 publications

Role of Aldosterone for Control of Colonic NaKATPase Activity in Weanling Rats

Role of Aldosterone for Control of Colonic NaKATPase Activity in Weanling Rats

Alterations in Intestinal Function in Response to Thyroxine and Cortisone Administration in Undernourished Rats

Biochemistry of Intestinal Development

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