Effect of aluminum and silicon reactants and process parameters on glass-ceramic waste form characteristics for immobilization of high-level fluorinel-sodium calcined waste

Abstract

and TEM examination, B. A. Staples and J. D. Herzog for reviewing the report, H. C. Wood for hot isostatic pressing of the waste formulations, R. P. Bopp for MCC-1 leach testing, and S. R. Mickelsen for formatting the draft report..

Polysiloxane Encapsulation of High Level Calcine Waste for Transportation or Disposal

“…Leachant characteristic impacts the leaching rate and is metal specific. These numbers compare to values for glass in the "less than 1 g/m2-day (8). Additional evaluation of the leaching rate under variable environmental conditions would be needed to adequately characterize these effects.…”

“…Leachant characteristic impacts the leaching rate and is metal specific. These numbers compare with values for glass in the less than 1 g/m2-day (8). A parametric study involving different waste loadings would be required to optimize the leaching results from MCC-1P testing.…”

Hot isostatically-pressed aluminosilicate glass-ceramic with natural crystalline analogues for immobilizing the calcined high-level nuclear waste at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant

“…The disposal of high level waste in a geologic repository by formation of waste forms is one of the alternative waste management strategies, that is being actively pursued at ICPP [9][10][11]. The reports of Baker et al [12] and Vinjamuri [13] have been directed towards transforming the calcine into a durable glass-ceramic. The waste form development effort was additionally supported by the experiments of Harker [14].…”

“…Although hot isostatic pressing forms an important experimental approach, these efforts have varied in the additive chemical components needed for immobilizing the calcines in glass and ceramic phases. The metal reductants Ti, AI and Si, the glass formers SiO2 and B203, the glass modifiers Li20 and Na20, and crystalline phase forming components like Y203 [14] have been added to the calcine in varying proportions [12][13][14]. The relative proportions among the additives and the simulated non-radioactive calcines, and pressuretemperature processing parameters have been determined through exploratory [12][13][14] or empirical developments [13].…”

“…Also limited solubility for neutron absorbing Cd has been noted as a function of oxidation conditions [ 16]. Limitations on oxygen content during waste form development are additionally necessitated by the greater leaching tendency of high valent Cr [12, 13,16]. To increase the calcine quantity or the calcine loading in the waste form, it is necessary to optimize both the glass and oxygen contents.…”