Effect of amending materials on growth of radish plant in salinized soil

Effect of temperature and salinity on germination ofRuta graveolensL.

“…Smith and Comb (1991) attributed this to low humidity content, which may have increased saline stress, caused cessation of metabolism or inhibited certain stages in the germination metabolic sequence. Shokohifard et al (1989) found two ways in which saline stress negatively affected radish seed germination: i) osmotically, by reducing water absorption and ii) ionically, by accumulating Na + and Cl -, thereby altering nutrient uptake balance and causing a toxic effect. Under such conditions, changes in the incubation temperature, particularly at high salt concentration, may result in malfunctioning of enzymatic systems.…”

Soil Chemical Factors Limiting Plant Root Growth

“…Salinity can suppress seed germination (Kpoghomon et al, 1986;Alwan et al, 1989;Shokohiford et al, 1989) and inhibit root growth indirectly through injury to plant tops (Pessarakli et al, 1989a,b). Salt stress severely decreases N metabolism and protein synthesis; injury is characterized by the accumulation of NH4 +, N03 -, and free amino acids (Pessarakli et al, 1989a).…”

Imaging of Total Calcium in Urediospore Germlings of Uromyces by Ion Microscopy

“…The RSF for a particular element is a calibration factor used to convert the analyte signal to 12 C signals from a region of interest into a dry weight concentration. The wet weight molar concentrations were estimated from the dry weight by assuming 85% cell water content typical for most eucaryotic cells (Buchanan et al, 1993;Shokohifard et al, 1989;Slatyer, 1967;Tanino et al, 1990). Concentrations of calcium reported here should be considered as estimates rather than the absolute values because (i) the RSFs for 40 Ca to 12 C we are applying here were generated from mammalian cell cultures rather than the urediospore germlings and (ii) uncertainty of an assumed water content of 85% in germlings.…”