Effect of an Insulin Sensitizer, Pioglitazone, on Hypertension in Fructose-Drinking Rats.

Suzuki, Masami; Nomura, Chisako; Odaka, Hiroyuki; Ikeda, Hitoshi

doi:10.1254/jjp.74.297

Cited by 46 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The alpha index in the LF band was calculated only when the magnitude of the squared coherence between the PI and SBP signals exceeded 0.5 (range, 0 -1). After coherence calculation, the alpha index was obtained from the square root of the ratio between PI and SBP variability in the two major LF bands (29,36).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preventive role of exercise training in autonomic, hemodynamic, and metabolic parameters in rats under high risk of metabolic syndrome development

Moraes‐Silva

Mostarda

Moreira

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Moraes-Silva IC, Mostarda C, Moreira ED, Silva KAS, dos Santos F, de Angelis K, Farah VMA V, Irigoyen MC. Preventive role of exercise training in autonomic, hemodynamic, and metabolic parameters in rats under high risk of metabolic syndrome development. J Appl Physiol 114: 786 -791, 2013. First published January 17, 2013 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00586.2012.-High fructose consumption contributes to metabolic syndrome incidence, whereas exercise training promotes several beneficial adaptations. In this study, we demonstrated the preventive role of exercise training in the metabolic syndrome derangements in a rat model. Wistar rats receiving fructose overload in drinking water (100 g/l) were concomitantly trained on a treadmill (FT) or kept sedentary (F) for 10 wk. Control rats treated with normal water were also submitted to exercise training (CT) or sedentarism (C). Metabolic evaluations consisted of the Lee index and glycemia and insulin tolerance test (kITT). Blood pressure (BP) was directly measured, whereas heart rate (HR) and BP variabilities were evaluated in time and frequency domains. Renal sympathetic nerve activity was also recorded. F rats presented significant alterations compared with all the other groups in insulin resistance (in mg·dl Ϫ1 ·min Ϫ1 : F: 3.4 Ϯ 0.2; C: 4.7 Ϯ 0.2; CT: 5.0 Ϯ 0.5 FT: 4.6 Ϯ 0.4), mean BP (in mmHG: F: 117 Ϯ 2; C: 100 Ϯ 2; CT: 98 Ϯ 2; FT: 105 Ϯ 2), and Lee index (in g/mm: F ϭ 0.31 Ϯ 0.001; C ϭ 0.29 Ϯ 0.001; CT ϭ 0.27 Ϯ 0.002; FT ϭ 0.28 Ϯ 0.002), confirming the metabolic syndrome diagnosis. Exercise training blunted all these derangements. Additionally, FS group presented autonomic dysfunction in relation to the others, as seen by an ϳ50% decrease in baroreflex sensitivity and 24% in HR variability, and increases in sympathovagal balance (140%) and in renal sympathetic nerve activity (45%). These impairments were not observed in FT group, as well as in C and CT. Correlation analysis showed that both Lee index and kITT were associated with vagal impairment caused by fructose. Therefore, exercise training plays a preventive role in both autonomic and hemodynamic alterations related to the excessive fructose consumption.fructose; exercise training; autonomic nervous system SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE SHOWN that poor eating habits and a large increase in fructose consumption in recent years has contributed to the epidemic of metabolic syndrome (2, 5). These unhealthy habits may result in physiological changes that contribute to a higher morbidity and mortality in humans (14). Among these changes, increase of blood pressure, plasma lipids, obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia are the most evident. Additionally, studies have shown an association between these factors as hyperinsulinemia and hypertension, in both humans and animals (10, 21, 36), indicating that once these alterations are present, the higher is the incidence of cardiovascular diseases.Autonomic nervous system dysfunction also accompanies these metabolic disturbances. Our research group has ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, studies have shown an association between these factors as hyperinsulinemia and hypertension, in both humans and animals (10,21,36), indicating that once these alterations are present, the higher is the incidence of cardiovascular diseases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive role of exercise training in autonomic, hemodynamic, and metabolic parameters in rats under high risk of metabolic syndrome development

Moraes‐Silva

Mostarda

Moreira

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…Chronic hyperinsulinemia augments the hypertension seen in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats (13). Drugs that improve insulin sensitivity and decrease plasma insulin levels reduce the blood pressure in hypertensive rat models (9,39). These observations suggest either a cause-effect relationship between hyperinsulinemia and the development of hypertension or a common underlying mechanism for the expression of both disorders.…”

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confidence: 99%

Insulin infusion induces endothelin-1-dependent hypertension in rats

Juan¹,

Shen²,

Chien³

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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. Metabolism 48: [465][466][467][468][469][470][471] 1999). Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor, is suggested to play an important role in maintaining vascular tone and regulating blood pressure, and insulin increases ET-1 production in vivo and in vitro. In the present study, BQ-610, a selective endothelin A receptor antagonist, was used to examine the role of ET-1 in insulin-induced hypertension in rats. BQ-610 (0.7 mg/ml; 0.5 ml/kg body wt) or normal saline was given intraperitoneally two times daily for 25 days to groups of rats infused with either saline or insulin (2 U/day via sc-implanted osmotic pumps), and changes in plasma levels of insulin, glucose, and ET-1 and the systolic blood pressure were measured over the experimental period, whereas changes in insulin sensitivity were examined at the end of the experimental period. Plasma insulin and ET-1 levels were measured by RIA, plasma glucose levels using a glucose analyzer, systolic blood pressure by the tail-cuff method, and insulin sensitivity by an oral glucose tolerance test. Our studies showed that insulin infusion caused sustained hyperinsulinemia in both saline-and BQ-610-injected rats over the infusion period. After pump implantation (2 wk), the systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in insulin-infused rats than in saline-infused rats in the saline-injected group (133 Ϯ 3.1 vs. 113 Ϯ 1.1 mmHg, P Ͻ 0.05) but not in the BQ-610-injected group (117 Ϯ 1.2 vs. 117 Ϯ 1.8 mmHg). Plasma ET-1 levels in both sets of insulin-infused rats were higher than in saline-infused controls (2.5 Ϯ 0.6 and 2.5 Ϯ 0.8 vs. 1.8 Ϯ 0.4 and 1.7 Ϯ 0.3 pmol/l, P Ͻ 0.05). Oral glucose tolerance tests showed that BQ-610 treatment did not prevent the insulin resistance caused by chronic insulin infusion. No significant changes were found in insulin sensitivity and blood pressure in saline-infused rats treated with BQ-610. In a separate experiment, insulin infusion induced the increase in arterial ET-1 content, hypertension, and subsequent plasma ET-1 elevation in rats. These results suggest that, in the insulin infusion rat model, ET-1 plays a mediating role in the development of hypertension, but not of insulin resistance. hyperinsulinemia; insulin resistance; endothelin A receptor EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES HAVE revealed an association between hyperinsulinemia and a number of metabolic disorders, including glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension (25). This association is often seen in patients with type 2 diabetes, obesity, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension and is therefore referred to as syndrome X (33), or insulin resistance syndrome (4). However, no pathological relationship between hyperinsulinemia and hypertension has been established in this syndrome (11). When rats are fed a diet in which the entire carbohydrate intake is pure fructose, glucose, or sucrose, they develop insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia and hypertension, thus mimicking the human syndrome (29). These associated abnormalities are also seen in rats...

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“…Therefore, further studies may be warranted to clarify the differential effects of various RAS-blocking agents on insulin resistance. In addition to antihypertensive agents, fish oil (15), troglitazone (16), and pioglitazone (17) have been reported to alleviate hypertension in FFR, suggesting that oxidative stress and insulin resistance per se are involved in the development of hypertension in FFR. Deciphering the precise relationship between RAS and each of these other targets for unconventional blood pressure-lowering therapy should provide us with further insight into the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome, and ultimately lead to an ideal strategy for alleviating aortic blood pressure in patients with metabolic syndrome.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Vascular Renin-Angiotensin System as a Possible Source of Vascular Inflammation in Fructose-Fed Rats

Ishibashi

2007

Hypertens Res

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Effect of an Insulin Sensitizer, Pioglitazone, on Hypertension in Fructose-Drinking Rats.

Cited by 46 publications

References 29 publications

Preventive role of exercise training in autonomic, hemodynamic, and metabolic parameters in rats under high risk of metabolic syndrome development

Preventive role of exercise training in autonomic, hemodynamic, and metabolic parameters in rats under high risk of metabolic syndrome development

Insulin infusion induces endothelin-1-dependent hypertension in rats

The Vascular Renin-Angiotensin System as a Possible Source of Vascular Inflammation in Fructose-Fed Rats

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