Effect of an iodine-containing additive on the composition, structure, and morphology of chemically deposited lead selenide films

Incubation of PbSe Thin Films in a Tin(II) Salt Aqueous Solution: Modification and Ion-Exchange Reactions

“…(4) The experimental results agree with the data of theoretical computations of the Gibbs free energy change of the ion-exchange reaction in the citrate-containing SnCl 2 solution carried out in literature [19] , where it was shown that the possibility of the formation of Pb direction. In the citrate-containing SnCl 2 solution at рН ≈ 8 the analogous texture changes proceed much faster with an increase in temperature to 363 K. These effects seem to be connected with relaxation of structural defects in PbSe polycrystalline films during their contacting SnCl 2 aqueous solutions.…”

“…These results agree well with the data of a theoretical analysis of the probability of the PbSe → SnSe ion-exchange transformation in the citrate-containing reaction system fulfilled in literature [19] . The analysis involved the calculation of the Gibbs free energy of the ion-exchange reaction with allowance for the complexation between metal ions and citrate and hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution.…”

“…In the present work, investigations [19] into the conditions of ion-exchange synthesis of Pb 1-x Sn x Se thin films from SnCl 2 aqueous solutions in the presence of sodium citrate Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 as a complexing agent for lead(II) and tin(II) ions are continued. The aim of the study is to broaden the conditions of ion-exchange synthesis toward more acidic pH values of the reaction system with simultaneous variation of the other parameters of the process, to study the composition, structure, and morphology, and to estimate functional properties of the obtained thin-film materials.…”

“…Since the formation of substitutional solid solutions based on the initial and the end solid phases has been proven herein and in studies [19][20][21][22][23] , it can be suggested that the reaction zone of a topochemical ion-exchange reaction in an aqueous medium can be wide enough to allow the formation of phases with a transitional composition, such as substitutional solid solutions ( Fig. 9(b)).…”

“…Experimentally proven formation of solid solutions at the interface between chalcogenide thin films and aqueous salt solutions [19][20][21][22][23] will, seemingly, propel a review of the existing notions about the mechanism of topochemical ion-exchange reactions.…”