Effect of bed material, lignin content, and origin on the processability of biomass in fast pyrolysis reactors

Lago, Valentina; Briens, Cédric; Berruti, Franco

doi:10.1002/cjce.22932

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Pyrolysis is a process which involves heating matter in an inert atmosphere to produce useful products, with the product properties depending upon various factors (Adam et al 2013, Lago et al 2018, Mašek et al 2009. One of which is the chemical composition of the original biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and characterisation of activated carbon and carbon nanotubes from potato peel waste and their application in heavy metal removal.

Osman

Blewitt²,

Abu‐Dahrieh³

et al. 2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

114

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Herein, activated carbon (AC) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesised from potato peel waste (PPW). Different ACs were synthesised via two activation steps: firstly, with phosphoric acid (designated PP) and then using potassium hydroxide (designated PK). The AC produced after the two activation steps showed a surface area as high as 833 m 2 g −1 with a pore volume of 0.44 cm 3 g −1 , where the raw material of PPW showed a surface area < 4 m 2 g −1. This can help aid and facilitate the concept of the circular economy by effectively up-cycling and valorising waste lignocellulosic biomass such as potato peel waste to high surface area AC and subsequently, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Consequently, MWCNTs were prepared from the produced AC by mixing it with the nitrogen-based material melamine and iron precursor, iron (III) oxalate hexahydrate. This produced hydrophilic multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with a water contact angle of θ = 14.97°. Both AC and CNT materials were used in heavy metal removal (HMR) where the maximum lead absorption was observed for sample PK with a 84% removal capacity after the first hour of testing. This result signifies that the synthesis of these up-cycled materials can have applications in areas such as wastewater treatment or other conventional AC/CNT end uses with a rapid cycle time in a twofold approach to improve the eco-friendly synthesis of such value-added products and the circular economy from a significant waste stream, i.e., PPW.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and characterisation of activated carbon and carbon nanotubes from potato peel waste and their application in heavy metal removal.

Osman

Blewitt²,

Abu‐Dahrieh³

et al. 2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The last stage, which occurs at temperatures above 500 °C, decomposed lignin and other organic matter. It is known that higher lignin content results in a higher biochar yield because it produces more charcoal and tar [26,27].…”

Section: Product Distribution Of the Pyrolysis Of Banana Rachis And Ldpementioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Pyrolysis as a Valorization Mechanism for Banana Rachis and Low‐Density Polyethylene Waste

et al. 2021

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Banana rachis and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) were selected as secondary feedstocks for the study of fast pyrolysis in a free-fall reactor. The experiments were performed at 600 °C for banana rachis and 450 °C for LDPE, based on literature and thermogravimetric analysis. The gaseous products of both feedstocks present similar composition in the C1-C2 compounds, while C3 compounds are only found in LDPE. The liquid products from banana and LDPE correspond to functional groups and shorter hydrocarbons, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses of the char showed important morphological changes to spheres in LDPE and structural changes due to thermal decomposition in the biomass. The pyrolysis char has high potential as adsorbent, encapsulation, or catalyst.

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“…Examples of modern cottage industry include: micro‐breweries of designer beers, solar panels on houses that channel electricity to the power grid, and organic farming. Examples of micro‐industries recently commercialized include a mobile pyrolyzer that converts agricultural and forestry residues to oil and char, a microwave unit to depolymerize polystyrene or produce oils from domestic waste, and on‐site air separation, hydrogen chlorine, and chlorine oxidants production . How much do these units cost?…”

Section: Scale‐upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributed production: Scale‐up vs experience

Patience

Boffito

2020

J Adv Manuf & Process

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Concepts such as process intensification, distributed manufacturing, and modularity are becoming mainstream as the chemical industry has to meet the demand for growth while concurrently facing sustainable development challenges. To meet economies of scales, modularity appeals to the concept of numbering up (scaling down and then scaling out). As numbering up becomes more common and a necessity, investors look at solid financial predictors to reduce the uncertainty around the fate of their assets. Traditional economic models that either scale up or scale down the investment for a plant size with a power law (exponent α) of a reference unit at a given capacity (Q) and its investment (I) are valid for the several identical plants and their components. When it comes to scaling down and then numbering up, the investment, or rather price of a modular plant the exponent relating price and capacity is β = 1/n − 1. We report a case study to scale down a 1000 barrel/day (bbl/day) micro-refinery gas-to-liquid unit to convert wasted natural gas to Fischer-Tropsch fuels. The investment for 100 units 100 times smaller approaches the cost of the same production capacity given by a single 1000 bbl/day unit costing $1 million. K E Y W O R D Scottage industry, distributed manufacture, experience, learning, numbering up, scale-up

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Effect of bed material, lignin content, and origin on the processability of biomass in fast pyrolysis reactors

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Production and characterisation of activated carbon and carbon nanotubes from potato peel waste and their application in heavy metal removal.

Production and characterisation of activated carbon and carbon nanotubes from potato peel waste and their application in heavy metal removal.

Fast Pyrolysis as a Valorization Mechanism for Banana Rachis and Low‐Density Polyethylene Waste

Distributed production: Scale‐up vs experience

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